Thomas Adam, Tod David A, Edwards Christian J, McGuigan Michael R
1Department of Psychology, Aberystwyth University, Aberystwyth, United Kingdom; 2School of Social Sciences, University of the Sunshine Coast, Queensland, Australia; 3Institute of Sports and Exercise Science, University of Worcester, Worcester, United Kingdom; and 4Sports Performance Research Institute New Zealand, School of Sport and Recreation, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand.
J Strength Cond Res. 2014 Dec;28(12):3508-14. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0000000000000573.
This study examined the mediating role of drive for muscularity and social physique anxiety (SPA) in the perceived muscular male ideal physique and muscle dysmorphia relationship in weight training men. Men (N = 146, mean ± SD; age, 22.8 ± 5.0 years; weight, 82.0 ± 11.1 kg; height, 1.80 ± 0.07 m; body mass index, 25.1 ± 3.0) who participated in weight training completed validated questionnaires measuring drive for muscularity, SPA, perceived muscular male ideal physique, global muscle dysmorphia, and several characteristics of muscle dysmorphia (exercise dependence, diet manipulation, concerns about size/symmetry, physique protection behavior, and supplementation). Perceived ideal physique was an independent predictor of muscle dysmorphia measures except physique protection (coefficients = 0.113-0.149, p ≤ 0.05). Perceived ideal physique also predicted muscle dysmorphia characteristics (except physique protection and diet) through the indirect drive for muscularity pathway (coefficients = 0.055-0.116, p ≤ 0.05). Perceived ideal physique also predicted size/symmetry concerns and physique protection through the indirect drive for muscularity and SPA pathway (coefficients = 0.080-0.025, p ≤ 0.05). These results extend current research by providing insights into the way correlates of muscle dysmorphia interact to predict the condition. The results also highlight signs (e.g., anxiety about muscularity) that strength and conditioning coaches can use to identify at-risk people who may benefit from being referred for psychological assistance.
本研究考察了在参与重量训练的男性中，肌肉发达驱力和社交体型焦虑（SPA）在感知到的男性理想肌肉体型与肌肉畸形症关系中的中介作用。参与重量训练的男性（N = 146，均值±标准差；年龄，22.8±5.0岁；体重，82.0±11.1千克；身高，1.80±0.07米；体重指数，25.1±3.0）完成了经过验证的问卷，这些问卷测量了肌肉发达驱力、SPA、感知到的男性理想肌肉体型、整体肌肉畸形症以及肌肉畸形症的几个特征（运动依赖、饮食控制、对体型/对称性的担忧、体型保护行为和补充剂使用）。除体型保护外，感知到的理想体型是肌肉畸形症测量指标的独立预测因素（系数 = 0.113 - 0.149，p≤0.05）。感知到的理想体型还通过肌肉发达驱力的间接途径预测了肌肉畸形症特征（除体型保护和饮食外）（系数 = 0.055 - 0.116，p≤0.05）。感知到的理想体型还通过肌肉发达驱力和SPA的间接途径预测了对体型/对称性的担忧和体型保护（系数 = 0.080 - 0.025，p≤0.05）。这些结果通过深入了解肌肉畸形症的相关因素相互作用以预测该病症的方式，扩展了当前的研究。研究结果还突出了一些迹象（例如对肌肉发达的焦虑），力量与体能教练可利用这些迹象来识别可能从转介接受心理援助中受益的高危人群。
