Freeston Jonathan, Adams Roger D, Rooney Kieron
1Clinical and Rehabilitation Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences,The University of Sydney, Lidcombe, Australia; 2Exercise, Health and Performance, Faculty of Health Sciences, Lidcombe, Australia.
J Strength Cond Res. 2015 Jan;29(1):181-7. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0000000000000507.
Understanding factors that influence throwing speed and accuracy is critical to performance in baseball. Shoulder proprioception has been implicated in the injury risk of throwing athletes, but no such link has been established with performance outcomes. The purpose of this study was to describe any relationship between shoulder proprioception acuity and throwing speed or accuracy. Twenty healthy elite adolescent male baseball players (age, 19.6 ± 2.6 years), who had represented the state of New South Wales in the past 18 months, were assessed for bilateral active shoulder proprioception (shoulder rotation in 90° of arm abduction moving toward external rotation using the active movement extent discrimination apparatus), maximal throwing speed (MTS, meters per second measured via a radar gun), and accuracy (total error in centimeters determined by video analysis) at 80 and 100% of MTS. Although proprioception in the dominant and nondominant arms was significantly correlated with each other (r = 0.54, p < 0.01), no relationship was found between shoulder proprioception and performance. Shoulder proprioception was not a significant determinant of throwing performance such that high levels of speed and accuracy were achieved without a high degree of proprioception. There is no evidence to suggest therefore that this particular method of shoulder proprioception measurement should be implemented in clinical practice. Consequently, clinicians are encouraged to consider proprioception throughout the entire kinetic chain rather than the shoulder joint in isolation as a determining factor of performance in throwing athletes.
了解影响投球速度和准确性的因素对棒球运动表现至关重要。肩部本体感觉与投掷运动员的受伤风险有关，但尚未发现其与运动表现结果存在此类关联。本研究的目的是描述肩部本体感觉敏锐度与投球速度或准确性之间的关系。对20名健康的精英青少年男性棒球运动员（年龄19.6±2.6岁）进行了评估，这些运动员在过去18个月中代表新南威尔士州参赛，测试项目包括双侧主动肩部本体感觉（使用主动运动范围辨别装置，在手臂外展90°时向外侧旋转方向进行肩部旋转）、最大投球速度（MTS，通过雷达枪测量，单位为米每秒）以及在MTS的80%和100%时的准确性（通过视频分析确定，单位为厘米的总误差）。尽管优势手臂和非优势手臂的本体感觉之间存在显著相关性（r = 0.54，p < 0.01），但未发现肩部本体感觉与运动表现之间存在关联。肩部本体感觉不是投球表现的重要决定因素，即高水平的速度和准确性可以在本体感觉程度不高的情况下实现。因此，没有证据表明在临床实践中应采用这种特定的肩部本体感觉测量方法。因此，鼓励临床医生将本体感觉视为整个动力链的因素，而不是孤立地将肩关节作为投掷运动员运动表现的决定因素。
