van Schijndel-Speet Marieke, Evenhuis Heleen M, van Wijck Ruud, van Empelen Pepijn, Echteld Michael A
Intellect Dev Disabil. 2014 Jun;52(3):175-86. doi: 10.1352/1934-9556-52.3.175.
Older people with intellectual disability (ID) are characterized by low physical activity (PA) levels. PA is important for reducing health risks and maintaining adequate fitness levels for performing activities of daily living. The aim of this study was to explore preferences of older adults with ID for specific physical activities, and to gain insight into facilitators and barriers to engaging into PA. Fourteen in-depth interviews and four focus groups were undertaken, with a total of 40 older adults with mild and moderate ID included in the analysis. NVivo software was used for analysing the transcribed verbatim interviews. In total, 30 codes for facilitators and barriers were identified. Themes concerning facilitators to PA were enjoyment, support from others, social contact and friendship, reward, familiarity, and routine of activities. Themes concerning barriers to PA were health and physiological factors, lack of self-confidence, lack of skills, lack of support, transportation problems, costs, and lack of appropriate PA options and materials. The results of the present study suggest that older adults with ID may benefit from specific PA programs, adapted to their individual needs and limitations. Results can be used for developing feasible health promotion programs for older adults with ID.
患有智力残疾（ID）的老年人的特点是身体活动（PA）水平较低。身体活动对于降低健康风险和维持进行日常生活活动所需的适当体能水平非常重要。本研究的目的是探索患有智力残疾的老年人对特定身体活动的偏好，并深入了解参与身体活动的促进因素和障碍。我们进行了14次深度访谈和4次焦点小组讨论，共有40名轻度和中度智力残疾的老年人参与分析。NVivo软件用于分析逐字转录的访谈内容。总共识别出30个关于促进因素和障碍的编码。关于身体活动促进因素的主题包括乐趣、他人的支持、社交接触和友谊、奖励、熟悉程度以及活动的常规性。关于身体活动障碍的主题包括健康和生理因素、缺乏自信、缺乏技能、缺乏支持、交通问题、成本以及缺乏合适的身体活动选择和材料。本研究结果表明，患有智力残疾的老年人可能会从适应其个人需求和限制的特定身体活动计划中受益。研究结果可用于为患有智力残疾的老年人制定可行的健康促进计划。
