Compagno Daniel, Gentilini Lucas D, Jaworski Felipe M, Pérez Ignacio González, Contrufo Geraldine, Laderach Diego J
Structural and Functional Glycomics Laboratory, IQUIBICEN-CONICET, Departamento de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
Structural and Functional Glycomics Laboratory, IQUIBICEN-CONICET, Departamento de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Glycobiology. 2014 Oct;24(10):899-906. doi: 10.1093/glycob/cwu055. Epub 2014 Jun 16.
Prostate cancer is the second most common cause of cancer and the sixth leading cause of cancer death among men worldwide. While localized prostate cancer can be cured, advanced and metastatic prostate cancer remains a significant therapeutic challenge. Malignant transformation is associated with important modifications of the cellular glycosylation profile, and it is postulated that these changes have a considerable relevance for tumor biology. Metastasis is a multiphasic process that encompasses angiogenesis, the spread of tumor cells and their growth at distant sites from the primary tumor location. Recognition of glycoconjugates by galectins, among other lectins, plays a fundamental role in the metastatic spread, tumor immune escape and the neovascularization process. Particularly in prostate cancer, both carbohydrates and galectins have been implicated in many cellular processes such as proliferation, apoptosis, migration and invasion. However, a limited number of studies assessed their potential implications in the induction of metastasis in prostate cancer patients or in animal models. Moreover, the role of galectin-glycan interactions in vivo still remains poorly understood; concerted effort should thus be made in order to shed some light on this question. This review summarizes current evidence on both the expression and role of glycans and galectins in prostate cancer, particularly turning our attention to the angiogenic and metastatic processes.
前列腺癌是全球男性中第二常见的癌症病因，也是癌症死亡的第六大主要原因。虽然局限性前列腺癌可以治愈，但晚期和转移性前列腺癌仍然是一个重大的治疗挑战。恶性转化与细胞糖基化谱的重要改变有关，据推测这些变化与肿瘤生物学具有相当大的相关性。转移是一个多阶段过程，包括血管生成、肿瘤细胞的扩散及其在远离原发肿瘤部位的生长。半乳糖凝集素等凝集素对糖缀合物的识别在转移扩散、肿瘤免疫逃逸和新血管形成过程中起着重要作用。特别是在前列腺癌中，碳水化合物和半乳糖凝集素都参与了许多细胞过程，如增殖、凋亡、迁移和侵袭。然而，评估它们在前列腺癌患者或动物模型中诱导转移的潜在影响的研究数量有限。此外，半乳糖凝集素-聚糖相互作用在体内的作用仍知之甚少；因此，应共同努力以阐明这个问题。本综述总结了目前关于聚糖和半乳糖凝集素在前列腺癌中的表达和作用的证据，尤其将我们的注意力转向血管生成和转移过程。
