Urokinase: a treatment for relapsing peritonitis due to coagulase-negative staphylococci.

Four consecutive patients with relapsing peritonitis due to coagulase-negative staphylococci have been successfully treated by the addition of urokinase to their treatment regime, having failed to respond to appropriate antibiotic therapy alone. The organisms isolated from each episode of peritonitis in an individual patient were shown to be identical by antibiotic sensitivity, phage typing, slime production and immunoblot analysis. The action of urokinase is unknown but it may act by fibrinolysis, allowing antibiotics access to a source of infection previously protected by fibrin. The technique described is a simple, safe and effective treatment of relapsing peritonitis due to coagulase-negative staphylococci, and its use can markedly reduce the morbidity associated with this infection.