Abdelaziz A A, Alkofahi A
Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid.
Zentralbl Bakteriol Mikrobiol Hyg B Umwelthyg Krankenhaushyg Arbeitshyg Prav Med. 1989 Feb;187(3):244-53.
Fifty items of Al-Kohl collected from northern Jordanian provinces representing: 20 unopened ready to use samples purchased from retail outlets, 20 in-use samples obtained from ladies of different socioeconomic standards and 10 samples of the original stones (used for Al-Kohl preparation) were examined for their microbial contents. Ready to use and in-use samples were much more contaminated than the original stones. On sterility testing, more than 85% of the unused and in-use samples were contaminated with bacteria and or fungi comparing to 50% of the original stone samples. Quantitatively, 90% of the original stones contained less than 100 bacterial or fungal cells/g and the other remaining 10% were in the range of 10(2)-10(3) cfu/g either for bacterial or fungal counts. The level and distribution of the viable microbial counts in unused and in-use samples were comparable and much higher than original stones. More than 70% and 20% of those items contained more than 100 cfu/g of bacteria and fungi respectively. Among those samples 20% and 5% were heavily contaminated (contain more than 10(4) cfu/g) with bacteria and fungi respectively. Coliform bacteria in a number of 100 cfu/g or more were recovered from 10% of the unused and 20% of the in-use samples, none were recovered from original stones. The results of qualitative tests for identification of isolated microorganisms showed that 7 different species of Bacillus were found in the 50 examined samples. Approximately 50% of the examined samples contained Bacillus spp., Staphylococcus spp., Pseudomonas spp., P. vulgaris, S. marcescens were recovered from unused and in-use samples in different percentages, none from original stones, some of the detected Staphylococcus were aureus type and also one isolate of P. aeruginosa was detected in one of the in-use samples. The relationship between the detected level of microbial contamination in the tested samples with the proposed allowable international limits of contamination as well as the possible sources of contamination and the hygienic implications of using such products by the public were discussed.
对从约旦北部省份收集的50件眼影膏进行了微生物含量检测，这些眼影膏包括：从零售店购买的20件未开封即用型样品、从不同社会经济水平的女性那里获得的20件使用中的样品以及10件原始石块样品（用于制备眼影膏）。即用型和使用中的样品比原始石块受污染程度严重得多。无菌检测显示，超过85%的未使用和使用中的样品被细菌和/或真菌污染，而原始石块样品的这一比例为50%。从数量上看，90%的原始石块每克含有的细菌或真菌细胞少于100个，其余10%的细菌或真菌计数在10²-10³ cfu/g范围内。未使用和使用中的样品中活菌数的水平和分布相当，且远高于原始石块。这些样品中分别有超过70%和20%的样品每克含有的细菌和真菌超过100 cfu。在这些样品中，分别有20%和5%被细菌和真菌严重污染（每克含有超过10⁴ cfu）。从10%的未使用样品和20%的使用中的样品中检出了每克100 cfu或更多的大肠菌群，原始石块样品中未检出。对分离出的微生物进行定性检测的结果表明，在50个检测样品中发现了7种不同的芽孢杆菌。大约50%的检测样品含有芽孢杆菌属、葡萄球菌属、假单胞菌属，普通变形杆菌、粘质沙雷氏菌从未使用和使用中的样品中以不同比例检出，原始石块样品中未检出，检测到的一些葡萄球菌为金黄色葡萄球菌类型，并且在一件使用中的样品中还检出了一株铜绿假单胞菌。讨论了测试样品中检测到的微生物污染水平与提议的国际允许污染限度之间的关系，以及可能的污染来源和公众使用此类产品的卫生影响。
