Alkofahi A S, Abdelaziz A A, Mahmoud I I
Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid.
J Clin Pharm Ther. 1989 Dec;14(6):443-50. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2710.1989.tb00269.x.
We examined 50 samples of 'Al-Kohl', collected from northern Jordanian provinces, for their cytotoxicity and mutagenicity using the brine shrimp and Ames Salmonella mutagenicity bioassays, respectively. Twenty were unopened, ready-to-use, samples purchased from retail outlets, 20 were in-use samples obtained from ladies of different socioeconomic standards, and 10 samples were from the original stones used to prepare Al-Kohl. The frequency of positive samples for both cytotoxicity and mutagenicity was much higher in the ready-to-use and in-use samples of Al-Kohl than in the original stones. Out of the 50 samples examined, 20 (40%) showed some degree of cytotoxicity almost all involving ready-to-use or in-use samples. Among those samples, 12 (24%) were strongly cytotoxic, while eight samples (16%) showed mild cytotoxic activity in the brine shrimp bioassay. The results of the mutagenicity testing were obtained, without using any metabolic activation, with four test strains of Salmonella, namely TA97, TA98, TA100 and TA102. Wide variability in results was observed depending on the type of samples tested and the Salmonella strain used. More than 80% of the original stone samples were negative and the positive ones were mildly mutagenic while the ready-to-use and in-use samples showed similar mutagenicity, which was much more than the original stones against the four strains of Salmonella typhimurium used. Strain TA97 was particularly sensitive to the samples tested. Twelve per cent of the ready-to-use and in-use samples of Al-Kohl showed a strong mutagenic effect against the pre-mentioned strains. We recommended abandoning Al-Kohl as a cosmetic for application to the eye areas, based on these findings and the previous microbial contamination studies (2).
我们分别使用卤虫生物测定法和埃姆斯沙门氏菌致突变性生物测定法，对从约旦北部省份采集的50份“科尔眼影粉”样本进行了细胞毒性和致突变性检测。其中20份是从零售店购买的未开封、即用型样本，20份是从不同社会经济水平的女性那里获得的使用过的样本，10份样本来自用于制备科尔眼影粉的原石。科尔眼影粉即用型和使用过的样本中细胞毒性和致突变性阳性样本的频率，比原石中的要高得多。在所检测的50份样本中，有20份（40%）显示出一定程度的细胞毒性，几乎所有这些样本都涉及即用型或使用过的样本。在这些样本中，12份（24%）具有强细胞毒性，而8份样本（16%）在卤虫生物测定中显示出轻微的细胞毒性活性。致突变性测试结果是在不使用任何代谢激活剂的情况下，用四种沙门氏菌测试菌株TA97、TA98、TA100和TA102获得的。根据所测试样本的类型和所使用的沙门氏菌菌株，观察到结果存在很大差异。超过80%的原石样本呈阴性，阳性样本具有轻微的致突变性，而即用型和使用过的样本显示出相似的致突变性，相对于所使用的四种鼠伤寒沙门氏菌菌株，其致突变性比原石要高得多。菌株TA97对所测试的样本特别敏感。12%的科尔眼影粉即用型和使用过的样本对上述菌株显示出强烈的致突变作用。基于这些发现以及之前的微生物污染研究（2），我们建议不再将科尔眼影粉用作眼部化妆品。
