Department of Psychology, University of Iowa, 11 Seashore Hall E, Iowa City, IA 52246, United States.
Department of Psychology, University of Iowa, 11 Seashore Hall E, Iowa City, IA 52246, United States.
Clin Psychol Rev. 2014 Jul;34(5):389-401. doi: 10.1016/j.cpr.2014.05.003. Epub 2014 May 27.
Research has demonstrated that women develop postpartum PTSD. Prevalence of postpartum PTSD has ranged from 1% to 30%, and many risk factors have been identified as predictors of postpartum PTSD. While qualitative reviews have identified patterns of risk, the lack of quantitative reviews prevents the field from identifying specific risk factors and making a single estimate of the prevalence of postpartum PTSD. The current meta-analysis investigated prevalence and risk factors of postpartum PTSD, both due to childbirth and other events, among community and targeted samples. Prevalence of postpartum PTSD in community samples was estimated to be 3.1% and in at-risk samples at 15.7%. Important risk factors in community samples included current depression, labor experiences such as interactions with medical staff, as well as a history of psychopathology. In at-risk samples, impactful risk factors included current depression and infant complications. Further research should investigate how attitudes towards pregnancy and childbirth may interact with women's experiences during delivery. Additionally, studies need to begin to evaluate possible long-term effects that these symptoms may have on women and their families.
研究表明，女性在产后会患上创伤后应激障碍。产后 PTSD 的患病率从 1%到 30%不等，许多风险因素已被确定为产后 PTSD 的预测因素。虽然定性综述已经确定了风险模式，但由于缺乏定量综述，该领域无法确定具体的风险因素，并对产后 PTSD 的患病率做出单一估计。目前的荟萃分析调查了社区和目标样本中与分娩和其他事件相关的产后 PTSD 的患病率和风险因素。社区样本中产后 PTSD 的患病率估计为 3.1%，高危样本中为 15.7%。社区样本中的重要风险因素包括当前的抑郁、与医务人员的互动等分娩经历，以及精神病史。在高危样本中，影响较大的风险因素包括当前的抑郁和婴儿并发症。进一步的研究应该调查对怀孕和分娩的态度如何与女性在分娩期间的经历相互作用。此外，研究需要开始评估这些症状可能对女性及其家庭产生的可能长期影响。
