Jurakic Danijel, Golubić Antonija, Pedisic Zeljko, Pori Maja
Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia,
Int J Occup Med Environ Health. 2014 Jun;27(3):487-97. doi: 10.2478/s13382-014-0282-8. Epub 2014 Jun 21.
The purpose of this study was to determine the level, pattern and correlates (socio-demographic, lifestyle and work-related) of physical activity among middle-aged employees in Croatia.
In this cross-sectional study the data were collected using a household interview on a random sample of 766 middle-aged employees (52% female) living in Croatia. The International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ-long) was used to assess physical activity. An additional questionnaire was used to collect data on socio-demographic, lifestyle and work-related correlates.
The median (95% CI) total physical activity for the whole sample was 78.7 (69.1-88.3) MET-hours/week. Most physical activity was accumulated in the domain of work (26.4 (20.3-32.5) MET-hours/week) or in domestic activities (19.2(17.8-20.7) MET-hours/week), whilst a significantly lower physical activity was found in the transport (3.3 (2.9-3.7) MET-hours/week) and leisure-time domains (6.5 (5.7-7.3) MET-hours/week). The multiple regression analysis showed an inverse relationship between educational level and the size of settlements with the domestic-related and total physical activity (β range: -0.11 to -0.22; p < 0.01). Among lifestyle correlates, only alcohol consumption was positively related to the total physical activity (β = 0.12; p < 0.01), while the perceived level of stress outside work was the only one, which was inversely associated with the work-related (β = -0.09; p < 0.01) and leisure-time physical activity (β = -0.10; p < 0.01).
Middle-aged employees in Croatia accumulate most of their daily physical activity in the work and domestic domains. Analysis of the relationship between physical activity and potential socio-demographic, lifestyle, and work-related correlates indicated that physical activity promotional activities should be primarily focused on males, employees living in smaller settlements and those with higher educational levels. The correlates of physical activity among middle-aged employees seem to be domain-specific. Therefore, future studies in this area should consider assessing physical activity in each domain separately.
本研究旨在确定克罗地亚中年员工的身体活动水平、模式及其相关因素（社会人口统计学、生活方式和工作相关因素）。
在这项横断面研究中，通过对克罗地亚766名中年员工（52%为女性）的随机样本进行家庭访谈来收集数据。使用国际身体活动问卷（长版IPAQ）评估身体活动。另一份问卷用于收集社会人口统计学、生活方式和工作相关因素的数据。
整个样本的总身体活动中位数（95%CI）为78.7（69.1 - 88.3）梅脱-小时/周。大部分身体活动集中在工作领域（26.4（20.3 - 32.5）梅脱-小时/周）或家务活动领域（19.2（17.8 - 20.7）梅脱-小时/周），而在交通领域（3.3（2.9 - 3.7）梅脱-小时/周）和休闲时间领域（6.5（5.7 - 7.3）梅脱-小时/周）的身体活动明显较低。多元回归分析显示，教育水平和居住地规模与家务相关及总身体活动之间呈负相关（β范围：-0.11至-0.22；p < 0.01）。在生活方式相关因素中，只有饮酒与总身体活动呈正相关（β = 0.12；p < 0.01），而工作外的感知压力水平是唯一与工作相关（β = -0.09；p < 0.01）和休闲时间身体活动呈负相关的因素（β = -0.10；p < 0.01）。
克罗地亚中年员工的日常身体活动大多集中在工作和家务领域。对身体活动与潜在社会人口统计学、生活方式和工作相关因素之间关系的分析表明，身体活动促进活动应主要针对男性、居住在较小居住地的员工以及教育水平较高的员工。中年员工身体活动的相关因素似乎具有领域特异性。因此，该领域未来的研究应考虑分别评估每个领域的身体活动。
