Pelican Cancer Foundation, Colorectal Research Unit, Basingstoke, UK.
Expert Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2014 Aug;8(6):703-19. doi: 10.1586/17474124.2014.906898. Epub 2014 Jun 23.
Pre-operative staging is an essential aspect of modern rectal cancer management and radiological assessment is central to this process. An ideal radiological assessment should provide sufficient information to reliably guide pre-operative decision-making. Technical advances allow high-resolution imaging to not only provide prognostic information but to define the anatomy, helping the surgeon to anticipate potential pitfalls during the operation. The main imaging modality for local staging of rectal cancer is Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), as it defines the tumour and relevant anatomy providing the most detail on the important prognostic factors that influence treatment choice. In addition, there is an emerging role for MRI in the assessment of the response to neoadjuvant therapy. This article is an evidence-based review of rectal cancer staging focusing on post-treatment assessment of response using MRI. The discussion extends into the implications for reliably assessing response and how this may influence future rectal cancer management.
术前分期是现代直肠癌管理的重要方面，放射学评估是这一过程的核心。理想的放射学评估应提供足够的信息，以可靠地指导术前决策。技术进步使高分辨率成像不仅能够提供预后信息，还能够定义解剖结构，帮助外科医生在手术中预测潜在的陷阱。直肠癌局部分期的主要成像方式是磁共振成像（MRI），因为它可以确定肿瘤和相关解剖结构，提供影响治疗选择的重要预后因素的最详细信息。此外，MRI 在评估新辅助治疗反应方面也有新的作用。本文是一篇基于证据的直肠癌分期综述，重点介绍了使用 MRI 对治疗反应的后评估。讨论还扩展到了可靠评估反应的意义以及这可能如何影响未来的直肠癌管理。
