Smith Kathryn Z, Smith Philip H, Grekin Emily R
Department of Psychology, Wayne State University.
Department of Community Health and Health Behavior, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York.
Psychol Addict Behav. 2014 Jun;28(2):532-7. doi: 10.1037/a0035381.
Previous studies have found relationships between childhood sexual abuse (CSA) and problem alcohol use. However, few studies have explored mechanisms that may explain this relationship. The present study examined whether (a) distress mediated the relationship between CSA and both heavy drinking and alcohol consequences, (b) coping motives for drinking moderated the paths between distress and both heavy drinking and alcohol consequences, and (c) these relationships remained significant after controlling for other forms of abuse/trauma. Three hundred ninety-five undergraduate women completed survey measures of childhood abuse/trauma, alcohol use/consequences, distress, and drinking motives. Data were analyzed using path analyses. Results supported a moderated-mediation model in which distress mediated the relationship between CSA and alcohol consequences, but only among those who endorsed coping motives for drinking. After controlling for other forms of abuse/maltreatment, the moderated-mediated pathway was no longer significant, but there remained a direct path between CSA and alcohol consequences. The present study provides support for tension-reduction models of alcohol use among CSA-exposed women and demonstrates the moderating role of coping motives. The present study also highlights the need for future studies to control for other forms of abuse/trauma and suggests that other mechanisms and contextual variables need to be explored to explain the CSA/alcohol-use pathway.
以往的研究发现童年期性虐待(CSA)与酒精使用问题之间存在关联。然而,很少有研究探讨可能解释这种关系的机制。本研究考察了:(a)痛苦是否介导了CSA与酗酒及酒精相关后果之间的关系;(b)饮酒的应对动机是否调节了痛苦与酗酒及酒精相关后果之间的路径;以及(c)在控制了其他形式的虐待/创伤后,这些关系是否仍然显著。395名本科女生完成了关于童年期虐待/创伤、酒精使用/后果、痛苦及饮酒动机的调查测量。使用路径分析对数据进行了分析。结果支持了一个调节中介模型,即痛苦介导了CSA与酒精相关后果之间的关系,但仅在那些认可饮酒应对动机的人群中如此。在控制了其他形式的虐待/不当对待后,调节中介路径不再显著,但CSA与酒精相关后果之间仍存在直接路径。本研究为受CSA影响女性的酒精使用减压模型提供了支持,并证明了应对动机的调节作用。本研究还强调了未来研究控制其他形式虐待/创伤的必要性,并表明需要探索其他机制和背景变量来解释CSA/酒精使用路径。