Haanes-Olsen L
Office of International Policy, Social Security Administration.
Soc Secur Bull. 1989 Feb;52(2):14-26.
This article highlights major trends and developments in social security programs featured in the publication Social Security Programs Throughout the World, 1987. Certain developments observable in industrialized countries, especially in Europe--continuing high unemployment levels, particularly among the young; growing numbers of long-term unemployed; and aging populations--tend to create financial instability in social security programs. Thus, as program costs continue to rise, the emphasis on cost-effective use of social security funds becomes more pronounced. In the period under review, this concern is reflected in the widening interest in mandated private pension supplementation of social security, as well as in measures to encourage employment. In developing countries, a strengthening of programs for families and, in some instances, a lowering of the retirement age are noted, in addition to a general expansion in the benefit structure of the work-injury program.
本文着重介绍了《1987年世界各国社会保障计划》中所呈现的社会保障计划的主要趋势和发展情况。在工业化国家，尤其是欧洲，可以观察到某些发展趋势——持续的高失业率，特别是在年轻人中；长期失业者数量不断增加；以及人口老龄化——往往会给社会保障计划带来财政不稳定。因此，随着计划成本持续上升，对社会保障资金进行成本效益利用的重视变得更加突出。在本报告所述期间，这种关注体现在对法定私人补充社会保障养老金的兴趣日益浓厚，以及鼓励就业的措施上。在发展中国家，除了工伤计划福利结构的普遍扩大外，还注意到家庭计划得到加强，在某些情况下退休年龄有所降低。
