Muralidharan Priya, Mallory Evan, Malapit Monica, Hayes Don, Mansour Heidi M
Skaggs Pharmaceutical Sciences Center, College of Pharmacy, the University of Arizona, 1703 E. Mabel St, Tucson, AZ 85721-0202, USA.
Lung and Heart-Lung Transplant Programs, Departments of Pediatrics and Internal Medicine, the Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH 43205, USA.
Pharmaceutics. 2014 Jun 20;6(2):333-53. doi: 10.3390/pharmaceutics6020333.
Nanomedicine is making groundbreaking achievements in drug delivery. The versatility of nanoparticles has given rise to its use in respiratory delivery that includes inhalation aerosol delivery by the nasal route and the pulmonary route. Due to the unique features of the respiratory route, research in exploring the respiratory route for delivery of poorly absorbed and systemically unstable drugs has been increasing. The respiratory route has been successfully used for the delivery of macromolecules like proteins, peptides, and vaccines, and continues to be examined for use with small molecules, DNA, siRNA, and gene therapy. Phospholipid nanocarriers are an attractive drug delivery system for inhalation aerosol delivery in particular. Protecting these phospholipid nanocarriers from pulmonary immune system attack by surface modification by polyethylene glycol (PEG)ylation, enhancing mucopenetration by PEGylation, and sustaining drug release for controlled drug delivery are some of the advantages of PEGylated liposomal and proliposomal inhalation aerosol delivery. This review discusses the advantages of using PEGylated phospholipid nanocarriers and PEGylated therapeutics for respiratory delivery through the nasal and pulmonary routes as inhalation aerosols.
纳米医学在药物递送方面正取得突破性成就。纳米颗粒的多功能性使其在呼吸道递送中得到应用，包括通过鼻腔途径和肺部途径进行吸入气雾剂递送。由于呼吸道的独特特性，探索将吸收不良和全身不稳定的药物通过呼吸道递送的研究不断增加。呼吸道已成功用于递送蛋白质、肽和疫苗等大分子，并且仍在研究其用于小分子、DNA、siRNA和基因治疗的情况。磷脂纳米载体尤其适用于吸入气雾剂递送，是一种有吸引力的药物递送系统。通过聚乙二醇（PEG）化进行表面修饰，保护这些磷脂纳米载体免受肺部免疫系统攻击，通过PEG化增强黏液穿透能力，以及维持药物释放以实现可控药物递送，这些都是聚乙二醇化脂质体和前体脂质体吸入气雾剂递送的一些优势。本综述讨论了使用聚乙二醇化磷脂纳米载体和聚乙二醇化治疗药物通过鼻腔和肺部途径作为吸入气雾剂进行呼吸道递送的优势。
