Lappharat Sattamat, Siriwong Wattasit, Taneepanichskul Nutta, Borjan Marija, Maldonado Perez Héctor, Robson Mark
a International Postgraduate Programs in Environmental Management, Graduate School , Chulalongkorn University , Bangkok , Thailand.
J Agromedicine. 2014;19(3):294-302. doi: 10.1080/1059924X.2014.916643.
To date, pesticides, especially organophosphate pesticide such as chlorpyrifos, have been frequently applied to paddy fields over time to maintain product quality, protect agricultural crops from various pests, and increase yield. This study evaluates dermal exposure to chlorpyrifos in rice farmers along with providing a health risk assessment. Thirty-five rice farmers participated and completed an in-person interview, and patch technique was used to evaluate dermal exposure to chlorpyrifos. The chlorpyrifos residue was extracted from the gauze patches and quantified by gas chromatography equipped with flame photometric detector (GC-FPD). The results showed that chlorpyrifos concentrations were greater in males (526.34 ± 478.84 mg/kg) than females (500.75 ± 595.15 mg/kg). Average daily dose sampled from seven points on male and female farmers were 31.72 × 10(-4), 193.32 × 10(-4), 5.38 × 10(-4), 190.48 × 10(-4), 170.47 × 10(-4), 465.91 × 10(-4), and 43.04 × 10(-4) mg/kg-day. The hazard quotient (HQ) at the mean and 95th percentile level was found to be greater than acceptable (HQ > 1). Rice-growing farmers in this area may be at risk for adverse health effects due to continuous dermal exposure to chlorpyrifos from their improper use of personal protective equipment (PPE).
迄今为止，随着时间的推移，农药，尤其是毒死蜱等有机磷农药，已被频繁施用于稻田，以保持产品质量、保护农作物免受各种害虫侵害并提高产量。本研究评估了稻农对毒死蜱的皮肤暴露情况，并进行了健康风险评估。35名稻农参与并完成了面对面访谈，采用贴片技术评估对毒死蜱的皮肤暴露情况。从纱布贴片中提取毒死蜱残留，并通过配备火焰光度检测器（GC-FPD）的气相色谱法进行定量。结果表明，男性（526.34±478.84毫克/千克）中毒死蜱浓度高于女性（500.75±595.15毫克/千克）。从男性和女性农民的七个部位采集的平均每日剂量分别为31.72×10⁻⁴、193.32×10⁻⁴、5.38×10⁻⁴、190.48×10⁻⁴、170.47×10⁻⁴、465.91×10⁻⁴和43.04×10⁻⁴毫克/千克·天。在均值和第95百分位数水平下的危害商数（HQ）被发现大于可接受值（HQ>1）。该地区种植水稻的农民可能因不当使用个人防护装备（PPE）持续皮肤接触毒死蜱而面临健康不良影响的风险。
