Thavorncharoensap Montarat
J Med Assoc Thai. 2014 May;97 Suppl 5:S27-32.
Health outcomes are one of the most important components of health technology assessments (HTAs). All HTA outcomes should be measured from a relevant sample using a properly designed study and method. A number of recommendations on health outcome measurements are made in this second edition of Thailand's HTA guidelines. In particular the use of final outcomes, rather than surrogate outcomes, in HTAs is stressed. Where surrogate outcomes are used, strong justification and evidence must be provided. Effectiveness is preferred over efficacy. The relative treatment effect (the difference between health outcome that would be experienced by patients receiving the technology and that experienced by the same group were they to receive an alternative technology) should be derived from a systematic review of head-to-head RCTs. Mixed treatment comparison (MTC) should be used only to provide supplementary data that cannot be obtained from a head-to-head comparison. Where no direct comparison evidence exists, indirect comparison and observational study data can be used.
健康结果是卫生技术评估（HTA）最重要的组成部分之一。所有HTA结果都应使用设计合理的研究和方法从相关样本中进行测量。泰国HTA指南第二版提出了一些关于健康结果测量的建议。特别是强调在HTA中使用最终结果而非替代结果。若使用替代结果，必须提供充分的理由和证据。有效性优于疗效。相对治疗效果（接受该技术的患者所经历的健康结果与同一组患者接受替代技术时所经历的健康结果之间的差异）应来自对头对头随机对照试验的系统评价。混合治疗比较（MTC）仅应用于提供无法从直接比较中获得的补充数据。若不存在直接比较证据，可使用间接比较和观察性研究数据。
