Koren Chaya
School of Social Work and The Center for the Study of Society,University of Haifa,Mt. Carmel,Israel.
Int Psychogeriatr. 2014 Aug;26(8):1327-50. doi: 10.1017/S1041610214000738.
The human need for love, friendship, and physical contact, and the fear of loneliness do not diminish with age. Widowhood and late-life divorce and increased life expectancy are likely to lead to alternative relationships, such as re-partnering. The purpose of this paper is to explore interplays between emotional and physical components of re-partnering in old age.
Theoretical sampling of 20 couples included men who re-partnered at the age of 65+ years and women at the age of 60+ years, following termination of lifelong marriages due to death or divorce. Living arrangements included married or unmarried cohabitation under the same roof or in separate homes. Forty semi-structured interviews were tape-recorded and transcribed verbatim. The couple was the unit of analysis.
Interplays between physical and emotional dimensions were examined using five abductive parameters derived from data analysis resulting in a fourfold typology of emotional and physical closeness/distance in re-partnering in old age: (1) living together (physically and emotionally); (2) living apart (physically) together (emotionally); (3) living together (physically) apart (emotionally); and (4) living apart (physically and emotionally).
Findings revealed types of partner relationships that are different from lifelong marriages. The typology could help professionals working with older persons regarding what to expect in re-partnering in old age and be included in developmental theories as an option in old age. A quantitative tool for research and therapy purposes, entitled The Re-partnering in Old Age Typology Scale (RPOAT Scale), based on abductive parameters, could be established for measuring re-partnering relationship quality and classifying re-partnering couples.
人类对爱、友谊和身体接触的需求，以及对孤独的恐惧并不会随着年龄的增长而减少。丧偶、晚年离婚以及预期寿命的增加可能会导致形成替代关系，比如重新建立伴侣关系。本文旨在探讨老年重新建立伴侣关系中情感与身体层面的相互作用。
对20对夫妇进行理论抽样，其中男性年龄在65岁及以上，女性年龄在60岁及以上，他们在因死亡或离婚而结束终身婚姻后重新建立了伴侣关系。居住安排包括在同一屋檐下或分开居住的已婚或未婚同居。40次半结构化访谈进行了录音并逐字转录。以夫妇为分析单位。
使用从数据分析中得出的五个溯因参数来研究身体和情感维度之间的相互作用，从而得出老年重新建立伴侣关系中情感与身体亲近/距离的四重类型：（1）共同生活（身体和情感上）；（2）分开居住（身体上）但共同生活（情感上）；（3）共同居住（身体上）但情感上分开；（4）分开居住（身体和情感上）。
研究结果揭示了与终身婚姻不同的伴侣关系类型。这种类型学可以帮助从事老年人工作的专业人员了解老年重新建立伴侣关系时的预期情况，并作为老年阶段的一种选择纳入发展理论。可以基于溯因参数建立一种用于研究和治疗目的的定量工具，即《老年重新建立伴侣关系类型量表》（RPOAT量表），用于测量重新建立伴侣关系的质量并对重新建立伴侣关系的夫妇进行分类。
