Yoo Ji-Seung, Kato Hiroki, Fujita Takashi
Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Institute for Virus Research, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan; Laboratory of Molecular Cell Biology, Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.
Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Institute for Virus Research, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan; Laboratory of Molecular Cell Biology, Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.
Curr Opin Microbiol. 2014 Aug;20:131-8. doi: 10.1016/j.mib.2014.05.011. Epub 2014 Jun 23.
Cellular responses to pathogen invasion are crucial for maintaining cell homeostasis and survival. The interferon (IFN) system is one of the most effective cellular responses to viral intrusion in mammals. Viral recognition by innate immune sensors activates the antiviral IFN system. Retinoic acid-inducible gene I (RIG-I) like receptors (RLRs) are DExD/H box RNA helicases that sense viral invasion. RLRs recognize cytoplasmic viral RNAs and trigger antiviral responses, resulting in production of type I IFN and inflammatory cytokines. Unique and common sensing mechanisms among RLRs have been reported. In this review, recent progress in the understanding of antiviral responses by RLRs is summarized and discussed.
细胞对病原体入侵的反应对于维持细胞内稳态和存活至关重要。干扰素（IFN）系统是哺乳动物中对病毒入侵最有效的细胞反应之一。天然免疫传感器对病毒的识别激活了抗病毒IFN系统。视黄酸诱导基因I（RIG-I）样受体（RLRs）是感知病毒入侵的DExD/H盒RNA解旋酶。RLRs识别细胞质中的病毒RNA并触发抗病毒反应，从而产生I型干扰素和炎性细胞因子。已有报道称RLRs之间存在独特且共同的传感机制。在这篇综述中，我们总结并讨论了对RLRs抗病毒反应理解的最新进展。
