Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology and Net Teaching Unit, Institute and Outpatient Clinic for Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, University Hospital of Munich (LMU), Munich, Germany
Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology and Net Teaching Unit, Institute and Outpatient Clinic for Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, University Hospital of Munich (LMU), Munich, Germany.
Eur Respir J. 2014 Sep;44(3):657-65. doi: 10.1183/09031936.00153013. Epub 2014 Jun 25.
Although work-related asthma and allergies are a huge burden for society, investigation of occupational exposures in early work life using an unexposed reference group is rare. Thus, the present analyses aimed to assess the potential impact of occupational exposure and other risk factors on the prevalence of work-related sensitisation and incidence of allergic rhinitis/asthma using a population-based approach and taking into account an unexposed reference group. In SOLAR (Study on Occupational Allergy Risks) II, German participants of ISAAC (International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood) phase II were followed from childhood (9-11 years) until early adulthood (19-24 years). Data on 1570 participants were available to fit predictive models. Occupational exposure was not statistically significantly associated with disease prevalence/incidence. Sensitisation in childhood, parental asthma, environmental tobacco smoke exposure during puberty, sex and study location were statistically significant predictors of outcome. Our results indicate that occupational exposure is of little relevance for work-related sensitisation prevalence and allergic rhinitis/asthma incidence in early work life, while other risk factors can be used to improve career guidance for adolescents. Further research on the role of a potential healthy hire effect and the impact of longer exposure duration is needed.
尽管与工作相关的哮喘和过敏对社会造成了巨大负担，但很少有研究使用未暴露参照组调查早期工作生涯中的职业暴露。因此，本分析旨在使用基于人群的方法评估职业暴露和其他风险因素对工作相关致敏和过敏性鼻炎/哮喘发病率的潜在影响，并考虑未暴露参照组。在 SOLAR（职业过敏风险研究）II 中，德国 ISAAC（儿童期哮喘和过敏国际研究）第二期参与者从儿童期（9-11 岁）到成年早期（19-24 岁）进行了随访。共有 1570 名参与者的数据可用于拟合预测模型。职业暴露与疾病患病率/发病率无统计学显著相关性。儿童期致敏、父母哮喘、青春期环境烟草烟雾暴露、性别和研究地点是结果的统计学显著预测因子。我们的结果表明，职业暴露对早期工作生涯中与工作相关的致敏患病率和过敏性鼻炎/哮喘发病率的相关性较小，而其他风险因素可用于改善青少年的职业指导。需要进一步研究潜在健康招聘效应的作用和更长暴露时间的影响。
