Biomedical Science Research Institute, University of Ulster, Coleraine BT52 1SA, UK.
Biomolecules. 2013 Aug 23;3(3):597-611. doi: 10.3390/biom3030597.
This article overviews the enzymes produced by microorganisms, which have been extensively studied worldwide for their isolation, purification and characterization of their specific properties. Researchers have isolated specific microorganisms from extreme sources under extreme culture conditions, with the objective that such isolated microbes would possess the capability to bio-synthesize special enzymes. Various Bio-industries require enzymes possessing special characteristics for their applications in processing of substrates and raw materials. The microbial enzymes act as bio-catalysts to perform reactions in bio-processes in an economical and environmentally-friendly way as opposed to the use of chemical catalysts. The special characteristics of enzymes are exploited for their commercial interest and industrial applications, which include: thermotolerance, thermophilic nature, tolerance to a varied range of pH, stability of enzyme activity over a range of temperature and pH, and other harsh reaction conditions. Such enzymes have proven their utility in bio-industries such as food, leather, textiles, animal feed, and in bio-conversions and bio-remediations.
本文综述了微生物产生的酶，这些酶已在世界范围内得到广泛研究，以分离、纯化和表征其特定性质。研究人员从极端来源的极端培养条件下分离出特定的微生物，目的是使这些分离出的微生物具有生物合成特殊酶的能力。各种生物产业需要具有特殊特性的酶来应用于底物和原料的加工。微生物酶作为生物催化剂，以经济和环保的方式在生物过程中进行反应，而不是使用化学催化剂。酶的特殊特性被用于其商业利益和工业应用，包括：耐热性、嗜热性、耐受各种 pH 值范围、在温度和 pH 值范围内保持酶活性的稳定性，以及其他苛刻的反应条件。这些酶已被证明在食品、皮革、纺织品、动物饲料以及生物转化和生物修复等生物产业中具有实用性。
