Khieu Virak, Hattendorf Jan, Schär Fabian, Marti Hanspeter, Char Meng Chuor, Muth Sinuon, Odermatt Peter
National Center for Parasitology, Entomology and Malaria Control, Ministry of Health, Phnom Penh, Cambodia; Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland; University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland; University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
Parasitol Int. 2014 Oct;63(5):708-12. doi: 10.1016/j.parint.2014.06.001. Epub 2014 Jun 23.
Information on Strongyloides stercoralis re-infection after ivermectin treatment is scarce in S. stercoralis endemic countries. In semi-rural Cambodia, we determined S. stercoralis infection and re-infection rates among schoolchildren, two years after ivermectin treatment (2×100 μg/kg PO, 24 h apart). The study was conducted among 484 children from four primary schools in semi-rural villages in Kandal province from 2009 to 2011, using Koga agar plate culture and the Baermann method on two stool samples per child. Complete data were available for 302 participants. We observed infections in 24.2% and 22.5% of the children at baseline and at follow-up, respectively. At baseline, 73 children were treated for S. stercoralis infection. At follow-up, one-third of those treated for S. stercoralis infection had been reinfected, while 19.6% of the 229 healthy children (at baseline) had been newly infected with S. stercoralis. Possession of shoes and defecation in toilet were negatively associated with S. stercoralis infection at follow-up. Infection and re-infection rates of S. stercoralis among schoolchildren are considerably high. However, 68.5% of infected children remained free of infection for at least two years. A large-scale cohort study is required to understand age-specific infection and re-infection dynamics in endemic countries.
在粪类圆线虫流行国家，关于伊维菌素治疗后粪类圆线虫再感染的信息很少。在柬埔寨半农村地区，我们测定了伊维菌素治疗（2×100μg/kg口服，间隔24小时）两年后学童中的粪类圆线虫感染率和再感染率。2009年至2011年，在干丹省半农村村庄的四所小学的484名儿童中进行了这项研究，对每个儿童的两份粪便样本采用小田琼脂平板培养法和贝曼氏法。302名参与者有完整数据。我们分别在基线和随访时观察到24.2%和22.5%的儿童感染。基线时，73名儿童因粪类圆线虫感染接受治疗。随访时，接受粪类圆线虫感染治疗的儿童中有三分之一再次感染，而229名（基线时）健康儿童中有19.6%新感染了粪类圆线虫。随访时，穿鞋和在厕所排便与粪类圆线虫感染呈负相关。学童中粪类圆线虫的感染率和再感染率相当高。然而，68.5%的感染儿童至少两年未再感染。需要进行大规模队列研究以了解流行国家特定年龄的感染和再感染动态。
