Ward Booth R P, Brown J, Jones K
Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Sunderland District General Hospital, UK.
Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 1989 Feb;18(1):24-6. doi: 10.1016/s0901-5027(89)80010-4.
Tracheostomy and prolonged intubation are traditionally used in maintaining the airway, particularly after extensive maxillofacial surgery. The literature reports significant morbidity and mortality from both these procedures. Cricothyroidotomy is proposed as a useful alternative in certain circumstances. Recent documentation suggests that traditional fears of subglottic stenosis after cricothyroidotomy are ill-founded. Cricothyroidotomy may also benefit the patient by quicker rehabilitation and in early mobilisation, compared with prolonged intubation. The surgical procedure is quick and easily performed, making it suitable for emergency airway control. Cricothyroidotomy is not appropriate in children or in patients with inflammation to the trachea, since these may predispose to subglottic stenosis.
传统上，气管切开术和长时间插管用于维持气道，尤其是在广泛的颌面外科手术后。文献报道这两种手术都有显著的发病率和死亡率。环甲膜切开术被认为在某些情况下是一种有用的替代方法。最近的文献表明，传统上对环甲膜切开术后声门下狭窄的担忧是没有根据的。与长时间插管相比，环甲膜切开术还可能通过更快的康复和早期活动使患者受益。该手术操作快速且易于实施，使其适用于紧急气道控制。环甲膜切开术不适用于儿童或气管有炎症的患者，因为这些情况可能易导致声门下狭窄。
