Trujillo Antonio J, Glassman Amanda, Fleisher Lisa K, Nair Divya, Duran Denizhan
Department of International Health, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, Center for Global Development, Washington DC 20036, Department of Health Policy and Management, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205 and Department of Population, Family and Reproductive Health, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
Department of International Health, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, Center for Global Development, Washington DC 20036, Department of Health Policy and Management, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205 and Department of Population, Family and Reproductive Health, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
Health Policy Plan. 2015 Jul;30(6):747-58. doi: 10.1093/heapol/czu052. Epub 2014 Jun 26.
Interest in behavioural economics has soared in recent years, particularly because of its application to several areas of public policy, now including international development, education, and health. Yet, little is known about how the policy and political implications of behavioural economics are perceived among stakeholders. Using an innovative vignette-based online survey, we assessed the opinions of 520 policymakers and practitioners around the world about health policy recommendations emanating from behavioural economics principles that are relevant to low- and middle-income country settings. We also determined the sources of disagreement among the respondents. The results suggest that there is strong support for health policies based on the concepts of framing choices to overcome present bias, providing periodic information to form habits, and messaging to promote social norms. There is less support for policies which use cash rewards as extrinsic motivators either to change individual behaviour related to the management of chronic conditions or to mitigate risky sexual behaviour. The sources of disagreement for these policy prescriptions derive mainly from normative concerns and perceived lack of effectiveness of such interventions. Addressing these disagreements may require developing a broader research agenda to explore the policy and political implications of these prescriptions.
近年来，人们对行为经济学的兴趣激增，尤其是因为它在公共政策的多个领域得到了应用，如今这些领域包括国际发展、教育和卫生。然而，对于行为经济学的政策和政治影响，利益相关者的看法却鲜为人知。我们通过一项基于创新小案例的在线调查，评估了全球520名政策制定者和从业者对源自行为经济学原理、与低收入和中等收入国家背景相关的卫生政策建议的看法。我们还确定了受访者之间存在分歧的根源。结果表明，基于构建选择以克服当前偏差、提供定期信息以形成习惯以及传递信息以促进社会规范等概念的卫生政策得到了大力支持。对于将现金奖励作为外部激励手段来改变与慢性病管理相关的个人行为或减轻危险性行为的政策，支持度较低。这些政策处方存在分歧的根源主要来自规范性担忧以及认为此类干预措施缺乏有效性。解决这些分歧可能需要制定更广泛的研究议程，以探讨这些处方的政策和政治影响。
