Crescenzo Raffaella, Bianco Francesca, Coppola Paola, Mazzoli Arianna, Tussellino Margherita, Carotenuto Rosa, Liverini Giovanna, Iossa Susanna
Department of Biology, University of Naples, Italy.
Department of Biology, University of Naples, Italy
Exp Physiol. 2014 Sep;99(9):1203-13. doi: 10.1113/expphysiol.2014.079632. Epub 2014 Jun 27.
The purpose of the present study was to examine the short-term effect of high-fat or high-fat-high-fructose feeding on hepatic lipid metabolism and mitochondrial function in adult sedentary rats. Adult male rats were fed a high-fat or high-fat-high-fructose diet for 2 weeks. Body and liver composition, hepatic steatosis, plasma lipid profile and hepatic insulin sensitivity, together with whole-body and hepatic de novo lipogenesis, were assessed. Hepatic mitochondrial mass, functionality, oxidative stress and antioxidant defense were also measured. Rats fed the high-fat-high-fructose diet exhibited significantly higher plasma triglycerides, non-esterified fatty acids, insulin and indexes of hepatic insulin resistance compared with rats fed a low-fat or a high-fat diet. Hepatic triglycerides and ceramide, as well as the degree of steatosis and necrosis, were significantly higher, while liver p-Akt was significantly lower, in rats fed high-fat-high-fructose diet than in rats fed high-fat diet. A significant increase in non-protein respiratory quotient and hepatic fatty acid synthase and stearoyl CoA desaturase activity was found in rats fed the high-fat-high-fructose diet compared with those fed the high-fat diet. Significantly lower mitochondrial oxidative capacity but significantly higher oxidative stress was found in rats fed high-fat and high-fat-high-fructose diets compared with rats fed low-fat diet, while mitochondrial mass significantly increased only in rats fed high-fat-high-fructose diet. In conclusion, short-term consumption of a Western diet, rich in saturated fats and fructose, is more conducive to the development of liver steatosis and deleterious to glucose homeostasis than a high-fat diet.
本研究的目的是检测高脂或高脂高果糖喂养对成年久坐不动大鼠肝脏脂质代谢和线粒体功能的短期影响。成年雄性大鼠被给予高脂或高脂高果糖饮食2周。评估了身体和肝脏组成、肝脏脂肪变性、血浆脂质谱和肝脏胰岛素敏感性，以及全身和肝脏从头脂肪生成。还测量了肝脏线粒体质量、功能、氧化应激和抗氧化防御。与喂食低脂或高脂饮食的大鼠相比，喂食高脂高果糖饮食的大鼠血浆甘油三酯、非酯化脂肪酸、胰岛素和肝脏胰岛素抵抗指数显著更高。与喂食高脂饮食的大鼠相比，喂食高脂高果糖饮食的大鼠肝脏甘油三酯和神经酰胺，以及脂肪变性和坏死程度显著更高，而肝脏p-Akt显著更低。与喂食高脂饮食的大鼠相比，喂食高脂高果糖饮食的大鼠非蛋白呼吸商以及肝脏脂肪酸合酶和硬脂酰辅酶A去饱和酶活性显著增加。与喂食低脂饮食的大鼠相比，喂食高脂和高脂高果糖饮食的大鼠线粒体氧化能力显著更低，但氧化应激显著更高，而仅喂食高脂高果糖饮食的大鼠线粒体质量显著增加。总之，短期食用富含饱和脂肪和果糖的西方饮食比高脂饮食更有利于肝脏脂肪变性的发展，且对葡萄糖稳态有害。
