Senger Miriam, Stoffels Hans-Jürgen, Angelov Doychin N
Anatomical Institute I, University of Cologne, Germany.
Medizin Foto Köln, University of Cologne, Germany.
Ann Anat. 2014 Sep;196(5):327-35. doi: 10.1016/j.aanat.2014.05.039. Epub 2014 Jun 10.
The human otic ganglion (OG) is not readily accessible during ordinary anatomical teaching courses because of insufficient time and severe difficulties encountered in dissection. Accordingly, most anatomical descriptions of its location, relation to neighbouring structures, size and shape are supported only by drawings, but not by photographs. The aim of this study has been to present the OG with associated roots and branches in dissected anatomic specimens. Following cumbersome dissection and precise photo-documentation, a detailed analysis of location, syntopy and morphology was performed. We carried out this study in 21 infratemporal fossae of 18 cadavers and were able to identify the OG, the mandibular-, the inferior alveolar- and the lingual nerve in all of them. We found no significant variation regarding the location of the GO in the infratemporal fossa and its syntopy to the adjacent structures. An OG resembling the classic description was found only in 90.50% of the cases. All 3 roots (parasympathetic, sympathetic and sensory) could be identified only in 82.3% of the specimens. The established presence of ganglionic branches varied from 0% (communicating rami to the meningeal branch of the mandibular nerve, to the greater petrosal nerve and to the lingual nerve) to 90% (r. communicans to n. canalis pterygoideus). We conclude that precise knowledge of this enormous variety might be very helpful not only to students of medicine and dentistry during anatomical dissection courses, but also to head and neck surgeons, ear-nose-throat specialists and neurosurgeons when treating pathology of pre- and postganglionic fibres.
在普通解剖学教学课程中，由于时间不足以及解剖过程中遇到的巨大困难，人体耳神经节（OG）难以直接观察到。因此，关于其位置、与相邻结构的关系、大小和形状的大多数解剖学描述仅以绘图为依据，而非照片。本研究的目的是在解剖标本中展示OG及其相关的根和分支。经过繁琐的解剖和精确的照片记录后，对其位置、毗邻关系和形态进行了详细分析。我们在18具尸体的21个颞下窝中进行了这项研究，并且在所有标本中都能够识别出OG、下颌神经、下牙槽神经和舌神经。我们发现OG在颞下窝中的位置及其与相邻结构的毗邻关系没有显著差异。仅在90.50%的病例中发现了与经典描述相似的OG。所有3根（副交感神经、交感神经和感觉神经）仅在82.3%的标本中能够被识别。已确定存在的神经节分支比例从0%（与下颌神经脑膜支、岩大神经和舌神经的交通支）到90%（翼管神经交通支）不等。我们得出结论，精确了解这种巨大的差异不仅对医学和牙科专业的学生在解剖学课程中非常有帮助，而且对头颈外科医生、耳鼻喉科专家和神经外科医生在治疗神经节前和节后纤维病变时也可能非常有帮助。
