Staudt Sean, Kundu Shuvashish, Lehmler Hans-Joachim, He Xianran, Cui Tianqu, Lin Ying-Hsuan, Kristensen Kasper, Glasius Marianne, Zhang Xiaolu, Weber Rodney J, Surratt Jason D, Stone1 Elizabeth A
Department of Chemistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, United States.
Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA.
Atmos Environ (1994). 2014 Sep 1;94:366-373. doi: 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2014.05.049.
Aromatic organosulfates are identified and quantified in fine particulate matter (PM) from Lahore, Pakistan, Godavari, Nepal, and Pasadena, California. To support detection and quantification, authentic standards of phenyl sulfate, benzyl sulfate, 3-and 4-methylphenyl sulfate and 2-, 3-, and 4-methylbenzyl sulfate were synthesized. Authentic standards and aerosol samples were analyzed by ultra-performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) coupled to negative electrospray ionization (ESI) quadrupole time-of-flight (ToF) mass spectrometry. Benzyl sulfate was present in all three locations at concentrations ranging from 4 - 90 pg m. Phenyl sulfate, methylphenyl sulfates and methylbenzyl sulfates were observed intermittently with abundances of 4 pg m, 2-31 pg m, 109 pg m, respectively. Characteristic fragment ions of aromatic organosulfates include the sulfite radical (SO, 80) and the sulfate radical (SO, 96). Instrumental response factors of phenyl and benzyl sulfates varied by a factor of 4.3, indicating that structurally-similar organosulfates may have significantly different instrumental responses and highlighting the need to develop authentic standards for absolute quantitation organosulfates. In an effort to better understand the sources of aromatic organosulfates to the atmosphere, chamber experiments with the precursor toluene were conducted under conditions that form biogenic organosulfates. Aromatic organosulfates were not detected in the chamber samples, suggesting that they form through different pathways, have different precursors (e.g. naphthalene or methylnaphthalene), or are emitted from primary sources.
在巴基斯坦拉合尔、尼泊尔戈达瓦里和美国加利福尼亚州帕萨迪纳的细颗粒物（PM）中，对芳香族有机硫酸盐进行了鉴定和定量分析。为支持检测和定量，合成了硫酸苯酯、硫酸苄酯、3-和4-甲基苯硫酸酯以及2-、3-和4-甲基苄基硫酸酯的标准品。通过超高效液相色谱（UPLC）与负电喷雾电离（ESI）四极杆飞行时间（ToF）质谱联用，对标准品和气溶胶样品进行了分析。在所有三个地点均检测到硫酸苄酯，其浓度范围为4 - 90 pg/m³。硫酸苯酯、甲基苯硫酸酯和甲基苄基硫酸酯为间歇性观测到，丰度分别为4 pg/m³、2 - 31 pg/m³、109 pg/m³。芳香族有机硫酸盐的特征碎片离子包括亚硫酸根自由基（SO，80）和硫酸根自由基（SO，96）。硫酸苯酯和硫酸苄酯的仪器响应因子相差4.3倍，这表明结构相似的有机硫酸盐可能具有显著不同的仪器响应，突出了开发用于绝对定量有机硫酸盐的标准品的必要性。为了更好地了解大气中芳香族有机硫酸盐的来源，在形成生物源有机硫酸盐的条件下，对甲苯前体进行了室内实验。在室内样品中未检测到芳香族有机硫酸盐，这表明它们通过不同途径形成，具有不同的前体（如萘或甲基萘），或者是从一次源排放的。
