Suzuki Akihiro, Iida Takafumi, Tampo Akihito
Masui. 2014 Jun;63(6):700-5.
Recent advancement in ultrasound technology allows us to visualize detailed structures around the airway. One of the important roles of the airway ultrasound is to identify cricothyroid membrane where the emergent invasive access should be performed. Now we can assess the risk of difficult cricothyroidotomy before anesthesia of which the new ASA difficult airway guideline suggests. Airway ultrasound can also be used to confirm correct position of the tracheal tube and laryngeal mask, difficult laryngoscopy prediction in obese patients, assessing vocal cord function, prediction of the post extubation stridor, and so on. We also introduce perioperative evaluation of the airway via sonography (PEAS) protocol in this review.
超声技术的最新进展使我们能够可视化气道周围的详细结构。气道超声的重要作用之一是识别紧急侵入性气道通路应实施的环甲膜。现在我们可以在麻醉前评估困难环甲膜切开术的风险，这也是美国麻醉医师协会（ASA）新的困难气道指南所建议的。气道超声还可用于确认气管导管和喉罩的正确位置、预测肥胖患者的困难喉镜检查、评估声带功能、预测拔管后喘鸣等。在本综述中，我们还介绍了通过超声进行气道围手术期评估（PEAS）方案。
