Merloni Anna, Dobrovolska Olena, Zambelli Barbara, Agostini Federico, Bazzani Micaela, Musiani Francesco, Ciurli Stefano
Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry, Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Italy.
Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry, Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Italy.
Biochim Biophys Acta. 2014 Sep;1844(9):1662-74. doi: 10.1016/j.bbapap.2014.06.016. Epub 2014 Jun 27.
Urease, the most efficient enzyme so far discovered, depends on the presence of nickel ions in the catalytic site for its activity. The transformation of inactive apo-urease into active holo-urease requires the insertion of two Ni(II) ions in the substrate binding site, a process that involves the interaction of four accessory proteins named UreD, UreF, UreG and UreE. This study, carried out using calorimetric and NMR-based structural analysis, is focused on the interaction between UreE and UreG from Sporosarcina pasteurii, a highly ureolytic bacterium. Isothermal calorimetric protein-protein titrations revealed the occurrence of a binding event between SpUreE and SpUreG, entailing two independent steps with positive cooperativity (Kd1=42±9μM; Kd2=1.7±0.3μM). This was interpreted as indicating the formation of the (UreE)2(UreG)2 hetero-oligomer upon binding of two UreG monomers onto the pre-formed UreE dimer. The molecular details of this interaction were elucidated using high-resolution NMR spectroscopy. The occurrence of SpUreE chemical shift perturbations upon addition of SpUreG was investigated and analyzed to establish the protein-protein interaction site. The latter appears to involve the Ni(II) binding site as well as mobile portions on the C-terminal and the N-terminal domains. Docking calculations based on the information obtained from NMR provided a structural basis for the protein-protein contact site. The high sequence and structural similarity within these protein classes suggests a generality of the interaction mode among homologous proteins. The implications of these results on the molecular details of the urease activation process are considered and analyzed.
脲酶是目前发现的效率最高的酶,其活性依赖于催化位点中镍离子的存在。将无活性的脱辅基脲酶转化为有活性的全酶脲酶需要在底物结合位点插入两个Ni(II)离子,这一过程涉及四种辅助蛋白UreD、UreF、UreG和UreE的相互作用。本研究采用量热法和基于核磁共振的结构分析,重点研究了来自巴氏芽孢八叠球菌(一种高度脲解的细菌)的UreE和UreG之间的相互作用。等温滴定量热法蛋白质-蛋白质滴定揭示了SpUreE和SpUreG之间存在结合事件,该事件包含两个具有正协同性的独立步骤(Kd1=42±9μM;Kd2=1.7±0.3μM)。这被解释为表明在两个UreG单体与预先形成的UreE二聚体结合后形成了(UreE)2(UreG)2异源寡聚体。利用高分辨率核磁共振光谱阐明了这种相互作用的分子细节。研究并分析了添加SpUreG后SpUreE化学位移扰动的发生情况,以确定蛋白质-蛋白质相互作用位点。后者似乎涉及Ni(II)结合位点以及C末端和N末端结构域上的可移动部分。基于从核磁共振获得的信息进行的对接计算为蛋白质-蛋白质接触位点提供了结构基础。这些蛋白质类别中高度的序列和结构相似性表明同源蛋白质之间相互作用模式具有普遍性。考虑并分析了这些结果对脲酶激活过程分子细节的影响。