Carvalho Thiago S, Lussi Adrian, Jaeggi Thomas, Gambon Dein L
Department of Preventive, Restorative and Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
Monogr Oral Sci. 2014;25:262-78. doi: 10.1159/000360712. Epub 2014 Jun 26.
Erosive tooth wear in children is a common condition. Besides the anatomical differences between deciduous and permanent teeth, additional histological differences may influence their susceptibility to dissolution. Considering laboratory studies alone, it is not clear whether deciduous teeth are more liable to erosive wear than permanent teeth. However, results from epidemiological studies imply that the primary dentition is less wear resistant than permanent teeth, possibly due to the overlapping of erosion with mechanical forces (like attrition or abrasion). Although low severity of tooth wear in children does not cause a significant impact on their quality of life, early erosive damage to their permanent teeth may compromise their dentition for their entire lifetime and require extensive restorative procedures. Therefore, early diagnosis of erosive wear and adequate preventive measures are important. Knowledge on the aetiological factors of erosive wear is a prerequisite for preventive strategies. Like in adults, extrinsic and intrinsic factors, or a combination of them, are possible reasons for erosive tooth wear in children and adolescents. Several factors directly related to erosive tooth wear in children are presently discussed, such as socio-economic aspects, gastroesophageal reflux or vomiting, and intake of some medicaments, as well as behavioural factors such as unusual eating and drinking habits. Additionally, frequent and excessive consumption of erosive foodstuffs and drinks are of importance.
儿童牙齿磨损是一种常见病症。除了乳牙和恒牙之间的解剖学差异外，其他组织学差异也可能影响它们的溶解易感性。仅考虑实验室研究，尚不清楚乳牙是否比恒牙更容易受到侵蚀性磨损。然而，流行病学研究结果表明，乳牙列比恒牙的耐磨性差，这可能是由于侵蚀与机械力（如磨耗或磨损）重叠所致。虽然儿童牙齿磨损程度较低对其生活质量没有显著影响，但恒牙早期受到侵蚀性损害可能会影响其一生的牙列状况，并需要进行广泛的修复治疗。因此，早期诊断侵蚀性磨损并采取适当的预防措施非常重要。了解侵蚀性磨损的病因是预防策略的前提。与成人一样，外在和内在因素或两者的结合，可能是儿童和青少年牙齿侵蚀性磨损的原因。目前讨论了一些与儿童侵蚀性牙齿磨损直接相关的因素，如社会经济因素、胃食管反流或呕吐、某些药物的摄入，以及异常饮食和饮水习惯等行为因素。此外，频繁和过量食用具有侵蚀性的食物和饮料也很重要。
