Smith Steven M, Li Jiayang
Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology & School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, Western Australia 6009, Australia.
State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics and National Center for Plant Gene Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 1 West Beichen Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100101, China.
Curr Opin Plant Biol. 2014 Oct;21:23-29. doi: 10.1016/j.pbi.2014.06.003. Epub 2014 Jul 1.
Strigolactone (SL) and karrikin (KAR) signalling control many aspects of plant growth and development through similar mechanisms employing related α/β-fold hydrolase-receptors and a common F-box protein named MORE AXILARY GROWTH2 (MAX2) in Arabidopsis or DWARF3 (D3) in rice. D3 mediates SL-dependent ubiquitination and proteolysis of DWARF53 (D53) protein, thought to be involved in the control of gene expression, while a related protein SUPPRESSOR OF MAX2-1 (SMAX1) is implicated in the response to KAR in Arabidopsis. Different members of the D53/SMAX1 multigene family likely mediate different responses in plant growth and development. Analysis of responses to SL or KAR has identified many genes regulated by these compounds. Crosstalk with other signalling systems including light, hormones and abiotic stress has also been identified. Here we critically analyse how to progress towards a clearer understanding of the targets and functions of the SL and KAR signalling systems.
独脚金内酯（SL）和卡里金（KAR）信号传导通过相似的机制控制植物生长和发育的许多方面，该机制在拟南芥中利用相关的α/β折叠水解酶受体和一种名为多腋生生长2（MAX2）的常见F-box蛋白，在水稻中则利用矮化3（D3）。D3介导DWARF53（D53）蛋白的SL依赖性泛素化和蛋白水解，D53被认为参与基因表达的调控，而拟南芥中一种相关蛋白MAX2抑制因子1（SMAX1）则参与对KAR的响应。D53/SMAX1多基因家族的不同成员可能介导植物生长和发育中的不同反应。对SL或KAR反应的分析已经鉴定出许多受这些化合物调控的基因。还发现了与包括光、激素和非生物胁迫在内的其他信号系统的相互作用。在这里，我们批判性地分析如何在更清楚地理解SL和KAR信号系统的靶标和功能方面取得进展。
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