青少年女性暴食障碍的风险因素：来自全国青少年健康纵向研究的结果。
Adolescent risk factors for purging in young women: findings from the national longitudinal study of adolescent health.
机构信息
Department of Psychology, Wesleyan University, 207 High Street, Middletown, CT 06459, USA.
Department of Psychology, Manchester Community College, Great Path MS#4, Manchester, CT, USA.
出版信息
J Eat Disord. 2014 Jan 3;2:1. doi: 10.1186/2050-2974-2-1. eCollection 2014.
BACKGROUND
There exists a dearth of prospective adolescent eating disorder studies with samples that are large enough to detect small or medium sized effects for risk factors, that are generalizable to the broader population, and that follow adolescents long enough to fully capture the period of development when the risk of eating disorder symptoms occurring is highest. As a result, the purpose of this study was to examine psychosocial risk factors for purging for weight control in a nationally representative sample of adolescents. Data were extracted from the restricted-use data sets of the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health (Waves I-III), selecting females with valid demographic and purging information (N = 5,670).
RESULTS
The prevalence of purging was 0.88% at Wave II and 0.56% at Wave III. In multivariable multinomial logistic regressions, purging at Wave II was predicted by parental poverty and low levels of self-esteem at Wave I; purging at Wave III was predicted by body mass index and the frequency of delinquent behaviors at Wave I.
CONCLUSIONS
Individuals with high body mass index, individuals with low self-esteem, and individuals in families experiencing economic hardship appear specifically at risk for the development of purging behaviors in later years and may benefit from more targeted prevention efforts.
背景
缺乏前瞻性青少年饮食失调研究，这些研究的样本量足够大，能够检测到风险因素的小或中等效应，能够推广到更广泛的人群，并足够长时间地跟踪青少年，以充分捕捉到发生饮食失调症状风险最高的发展阶段。因此，本研究的目的是在全国代表性青少年样本中检查与为控制体重而催吐有关的心理社会风险因素。数据取自青少年健康纵向研究（波 I-III）的受限使用数据集，选择具有有效人口统计学和催吐信息的女性（N=5670）。
结果
在波 II 时，催吐的患病率为 0.88%，在波 III 时为 0.56%。在多变量多项逻辑回归中，波 II 时的催吐由波 I 时父母贫困和自尊心低预测；波 III 时的催吐由体重指数和波 I 时的犯罪行为频率预测。
结论
体重指数高的个体、自尊心低的个体以及经济困难家庭的个体似乎特别容易在以后的年份发展出催吐行为，可能需要更有针对性的预防措施。
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