Neumark-Sztainer Dianne, Wall Melanie, Larson Nicole I, Eisenberg Marla E, Loth Katie
Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55454, USA.
J Am Diet Assoc. 2011 Jul;111(7):1004-11. doi: 10.1016/j.jada.2011.04.012.
Disordered eating behaviors are prevalent in adolescence and can have harmful consequences. An important question is whether use of these behaviors in adolescence sets the pattern for continued use into young adulthood.
To examine the prevalence and tracking of dieting, unhealthy and extreme weight control behaviors, and binge eating from adolescence to young adulthood.
Population-based, 10-year longitudinal study (Project EAT-III: Eating Among Teens and Young Adults, 1999-2010).
PARTICIPANTS/SETTING: The study population included 2,287 young adults (55% girls, 52% nonwhite). The sample included a younger group (mean age 12.8±0.7 years at baseline and 23.2±1.0 years at follow-up) and an older group (mean age 15.9±0.8 at baseline and 26.2±0.9 years at follow-up).
Longitudinal trends in prevalence of behaviors were tested using generalized estimating equations. Tracking of behaviors were estimated using the relative risk of behaviors at follow-up given presence at baseline.
In general, the prevalence of dieting and disordered eating was high and remained constant, or increased, from adolescence to young adulthood. Furthermore, behaviors tended to track within individuals and, in general, participants who engaged in dieting and disordered eating behaviors during adolescence were at increased risk for these behaviors 10 years later. Tracking was particularly consistent for the older girls and boys transitioning from middle adolescence to middle young adulthood.
Study findings indicate that disordered eating behaviors are not just an adolescent problem, but continue to be prevalent among young adults. The tracking of dieting and disordered eating within individuals suggests that early use is likely to set the stage for ongoing use. Findings suggest a need for both early prevention efforts before the onset of harmful behavioral patterns as well as ongoing prevention and treatment interventions to address the high prevalence of disordered eating throughout adolescence and young adulthood.
饮食行为紊乱在青少年中很普遍，且可能产生有害后果。一个重要问题是，青少年时期这些行为的使用是否会为延续至青年期的持续使用奠定模式。
研究从青少年期到青年期节食、不健康及极端体重控制行为，以及暴饮暴食的患病率及行为轨迹。
基于人群的10年纵向研究（EAT-III项目：青少年和青年成年人的饮食，1999 - 2010年）。
参与者/研究背景：研究人群包括2287名青年成年人（55%为女孩，52%为非白人）。样本包括一个较年轻组（基线时平均年龄12.8±0.7岁，随访时23.2±1.0岁）和一个较年长组（基线时平均年龄15.9±0.8岁，随访时26.2±0.9岁）。
使用广义估计方程检验行为患病率的纵向趋势。根据基线时是否存在行为来估计行为轨迹，使用随访时行为的相对风险。
总体而言，节食和饮食紊乱的患病率较高，从青少年期到青年期保持稳定或有所上升。此外，行为在个体内部往往具有延续性，一般来说，在青少年期从事节食和饮食紊乱行为的参与者在10年后出现这些行为的风险增加。对于从中青年期过渡到中青年后期的年长女孩和男孩，行为轨迹尤为一致。
研究结果表明，饮食紊乱行为不只是青少年问题，在青年成年人中仍然普遍存在。个体内部节食和饮食紊乱行为的延续性表明，早期使用可能为持续使用奠定基础。研究结果表明，既需要在有害行为模式出现之前进行早期预防，也需要进行持续的预防和治疗干预，以应对整个青少年期和青年期饮食紊乱的高患病率。
