Origer Alain, Le Bihan Etienne, Baumann Michèle
Drug Coordination Office, Ministry of Health, Villa Louvigny, Allée Marconi, L-2120 Luxembourg, Luxembourg; INtegrative research unit on Social and Individual DEvelopment (INSIDE), University of Luxembourg, Walferdange, Luxembourg.
INtegrative research unit on Social and Individual DEvelopment (INSIDE), University of Luxembourg, Walferdange, Luxembourg.
Int J Drug Policy. 2014 Sep;25(5):911-5. doi: 10.1016/j.drugpo.2014.05.015. Epub 2014 Jun 13.
To investigate social and economic inequalities in fatal overdose cases related to opioid and cocaine use, recorded in Luxembourg between 1994 and 2011.
Cross-examination of national data from law enforcement and drug use surveillance sources and of forensic evidence in a nested case-control study design. Overdose cases were individually matched with four controls, when available, according to sex, year of birth, drug administration route and duration of drug use. 272 cases vs 1056 controls were analysed. Conditional logistic regression analysis was performed to assess the respective impact of a series of socioeconomic variables.
Being professionally active [OR=0.66 (95% CI 0.45-0.99)], reporting salary as main legal income source [OR=0.42 (95% CI 0.26-0.67)] and education attainment higher than primary school [OR=0.50 (95% CI 0.34-0.73)] revealed to be protective factors, whereas the professional status of the father or legal guardian of victims was not significantly associated to fatal overdoses.
Socioeconomic inequalities in drug users impact on the occurrence of fatal overdoses. Compared to their peers, users of illicit drugs with lower socioeconomic profiles show increased odds of dying from overdose. However, actual and self-referred socioeconomic characteristics of drug users, such as educational attainment and employment, may have a greater predictive value of overdose mortality than the parental socioeconomic status. Education, vocational training and socio-professional reintegration should be part of drug-related mortality prevention policies.
调查1994年至2011年卢森堡记录的与阿片类药物和可卡因使用相关的致命过量用药案例中的社会经济不平等情况。
在一项嵌套病例对照研究设计中，对来自执法和药物使用监测来源的国家数据以及法医证据进行交叉检验。过量用药案例在可行时根据性别、出生年份、药物给药途径和药物使用时长与四个对照进行个体匹配。分析了272例病例和1056例对照。进行条件逻辑回归分析以评估一系列社会经济变量的各自影响。
从事职业活动[比值比（OR）=0.66（95%置信区间0.45 - 0.99）]、将工资作为主要合法收入来源[OR = 0.42（95%置信区间0.26 - 0.67）]以及教育程度高于小学[OR = 0.50（95%置信区间0.34 - 0.73）]被证明是保护因素，而受害者父亲或法定监护人的职业地位与致命过量用药无显著关联。
吸毒者中的社会经济不平等影响致命过量用药的发生。与同龄人相比，社会经济状况较低的非法药物使用者死于过量用药的几率更高。然而，吸毒者实际的和自我报告的社会经济特征，如教育程度和就业情况，可能比父母的社会经济地位对过量用药死亡率具有更大的预测价值。教育、职业培训和社会职业重新融入应成为与药物相关的死亡率预防政策的一部分。
