Section of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Department of Medicine, University of Perugia Perugia, Italy.
Geriatrics Department, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne Cologne, Germany.
Front Pharmacol. 2014 Jun 23;5:147. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2014.00147. eCollection 2014.
Several chemical substances belonging to classes of natural dietary origin display protective properties against some age-related diseases including neurodegenerative ones, particularly Alzheimer's disease (AD). These compounds, known as nutraceuticals, differ structurally, act therefore at different biochemical and metabolic levels and have shown different types of neuroprotective properties. The aim of this review is to summarize data from observational studies, clinical trials, and randomized clinical trials (RCTs) in humans on the effects of selected nutraceuticals against age-related cognitive impairment and dementia. We report results from studies on flavonoids, some vitamins and other natural substances that have been studied in AD and that might be beneficial for the maintenance of a good cognitive performance. Due to the substantial lack of high-level evidence studies there is no possibility for recommendation of nutraceuticals in dementia-related therapeutic guidelines. Nevertheless, the strong potential for their neuroprotective action warrants further studies in the field.
几种属于天然饮食来源类别的化学物质对一些与年龄相关的疾病（包括神经退行性疾病）具有保护作用，特别是阿尔茨海默病（AD）。这些被称为营养保健品的化合物在结构上有所不同，因此在不同的生化和代谢水平上发挥作用，并表现出不同类型的神经保护特性。本综述的目的是总结观察性研究、临床试验和人类随机对照试验（RCT）中关于选定营养保健品对与年龄相关的认知障碍和痴呆的影响的数据。我们报告了关于类黄酮、一些维生素和其他已在 AD 中研究过的天然物质的研究结果，这些物质可能有益于维持良好的认知表现。由于缺乏高水平的证据研究，因此在与痴呆相关的治疗指南中不可能推荐营养保健品。然而，它们具有很强的神经保护作用，这使得进一步在该领域进行研究成为必要。
