Pigatto Camila, Santos Caroline Mombaque dos, Santos Wendel Mombaque dos, Neme Walter Santos, Portela Luiz Osório Cruz, Moraes Edson Nunes de, Gallarreta Francisco Maximiliano Pancich
Serviço de Medicina Fetal, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brasil.
Programa de Pós-graduação em Enfermagem, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brasil.
Rev Bras Ginecol Obstet. 2014 May;36(5):216-21.
To assess the effects of aerobic physical exercise on the Doppler velocimetry of fetal vessels in pregnant women with no clinical or obstetrical complications.
A cross-sectional study was conducted on 10 healthy low-risk pregnant women at 2 different gestational times: between the 26th and 29th week and 6 days, and at the end of pregnancy, between the 30th and 35th week. The patients were submitted to aerobic physical exercise on a treadmill until reaching fatigue. Ultrasonographic data were obtained at rest and after physical exercise (Doppler velocimetry indices for the umbilical artery, middle cerebral artery, ductus venosus, and uterine arteries). Data were analyzed statistically by the paired and independent Student's t-test using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) package, version 21.0.
A change in the pulsatility index was observed, with an indication of vasodilatation, with a median value of 1.1±0.1 before exercise and of 1.0±0.1 after exercise; the median value of the resistance index was 0.7±0.04 before exercise and 0.6±0.07 after exercise. The median systole/diastole ratio of the umbilical artery was 3.1±0.4 before exercise and 2.9±0.2 (p=0.03) after exercise at the beginning of pregnancy. No changes in the Doppler velocimetry parameters were observed for the uterine arteries, the middle cerebral artery or the ductus venosus after physical activity at either testing time. Paired analysis of pre- and post-activity data showed a reduction of resistance from the first to the second period (p<0.04).
Physical exercise does not lead to changes in systemic blood flow or fetal-placental flow in healthy pregnant women, confirming that exercises of mild to moderate intensity can be prescribed.
评估有氧运动对无临床或产科并发症的孕妇胎儿血管多普勒测速的影响。
对10名健康的低风险孕妇在两个不同孕周进行横断面研究：在第26至29周加6天之间，以及在妊娠末期，第30至35周之间。让患者在跑步机上进行有氧运动直至疲劳。在休息时和运动后获取超声数据（脐动脉、大脑中动脉、静脉导管和子宫动脉的多普勒测速指标）。使用社会科学统计软件包（SPSS）21.0版，通过配对和独立样本t检验对数据进行统计学分析。
观察到搏动指数发生变化，表明血管扩张，运动前中位数为1.1±0.1，运动后为1.0±0.1；阻力指数运动前中位数为0.7±0.04，运动后为0.6±0.07。妊娠初期运动前脐动脉的收缩/舒张比中位数为3.1±0.4，运动后为2.9±0.2（p = 0.03）。在两个测试时间点进行体力活动后，子宫动脉、大脑中动脉或静脉导管的多普勒测速参数均未观察到变化。活动前后数据的配对分析显示，从第一阶段到第二阶段阻力降低（p<0.04）。
体育锻炼不会导致健康孕妇的全身血流或胎儿-胎盘血流发生变化，证实可以规定进行轻度至中度强度的运动。
