Neyedli Heather F, Welsh Timothy N
a Centre for Motor Control, Faculty of Kinesiology and Physical Education , University of Toronto , Toronto , Canada.
Q J Exp Psychol (Hove). 2015;68(2):261-83. doi: 10.1080/17470218.2014.942674. Epub 2014 Sep 10.
It has previously been found that when participants are presented with a pair of motor prospects, they can select the prospect with the largest maximum expected gain (MEG). Many of those decisions, however, were trivial because of large differences in MEG between the prospects. The purpose of the present study was to explore participants' preferences when making non-trivial decisions between two motor prospects. Participants were presented with pairs of prospects that: 1) differed in MEG with either only the values or only the probabilities differing between the prospects; and 2) had similar MEG with one prospect having a larger probability of hitting the target and a higher penalty value and the other prospect a smaller probability of hitting the target but a lower penalty value. In different experiments, participants either had 400 ms or 2000 ms to decide between the prospects. It was found that participants chose the configuration with the larger MEG more often when the probability varied between prospects than when the value varied. In pairs with similar MEGs, participants preferred a larger probability of hitting the target over a smaller penalty value. These results indicate that participants prefer probability information over negative value information in a motor selection task.
此前已经发现，当向参与者呈现一对运动前景时，他们能够选择具有最大预期收益（MEG）的前景。然而，由于前景之间MEG的差异很大，许多这样的决策都很简单。本研究的目的是探讨参与者在两个运动前景之间做出非简单决策时的偏好。向参与者呈现的前景对具有以下特点：1）MEG不同，前景之间仅在数值或概率上有所不同；2）MEG相似，一个前景击中目标的概率较大且惩罚值较高，另一个前景击中目标的概率较小但惩罚值较低。在不同的实验中，参与者有400毫秒或2000毫秒的时间在前景之间做出决定。结果发现，当概率在前景之间变化时，参与者比当数值变化时更频繁地选择具有较大MEG的配置。在MEG相似的配对中，参与者更喜欢击中目标的概率较大而不是惩罚值较小。这些结果表明，在运动选择任务中，参与者更喜欢概率信息而不是负值信息。
