Epstein-Peterson Zachary D, Sullivan Adam J, Enzinger Andrea C, Trevino Kelly M, Zollfrank Angelika A, Balboni Michael J, VanderWeele Tyler J, Balboni Tracy A
Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA.
Departments of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA.
Am J Hosp Palliat Care. 2015 Nov;32(7):750-7. doi: 10.1177/1049909114540318. Epub 2014 Jul 8.
Spiritual care (SC) is important to the care of seriously ill patients. Few studies have examined types of SC provided and their perceived impact. This study surveyed patients with advanced cancer (N = 75, response rate [RR] = 73%) and oncology nurses and physicians (N = 339, RR = 63%). Frequency and perceived impact of 8 SC types were assessed. Spiritual care is infrequently provided, with encouraging or affirming beliefs the most common type (20%). Spiritual history taking and chaplaincy referrals comprised 10% and 16%, respectively. Most patients viewed each SC type positively, and SC training predicted provision of many SC types. In conclusion, SC is infrequent, and core elements of SC-spiritual history taking and chaplaincy referrals-represent a minority of SC. Spiritual care training predicts provision of SC, indicting its importance to advancing SC in the clinical setting.
精神关怀(SC)对于重症患者的护理至关重要。很少有研究考察所提供的精神关怀类型及其感知到的影响。本研究对晚期癌症患者(N = 75,应答率[RR] = 73%)以及肿瘤学护士和医生(N = 339,RR = 63%)进行了调查。评估了8种精神关怀类型的频率及其感知到的影响。精神关怀的提供频率较低,其中鼓励或肯定信念是最常见的类型(20%)。精神病史采集和牧师转介分别占10%和16%。大多数患者对每种精神关怀类型持积极看法,并且精神关怀培训预示着会提供多种精神关怀类型。总之,精神关怀并不常见,而精神关怀的核心要素——精神病史采集和牧师转介——在精神关怀中占少数。精神关怀培训预示着精神关怀的提供,表明其对于在临床环境中推进精神关怀的重要性。