Rios Adriana, Miguel Cruz Antonio, Guarín Mayra R, Caycedo Villarraga Pedro Sebastián
School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidad del Rosario , Bogotá D.C , Colombia .
Disabil Rehabil Assist Technol. 2014 Sep;9(5):432-44. doi: 10.3109/17483107.2014.936053. Epub 2014 Jul 9.
To examine what demographics and clinical factors are associated with the provision of assistive technology (AT) devices in a low-income country.
Retrospective cross-sectional exploratory study design including 15 of the 20 localities across Bogotá D.C., Colombia, a city with 6,776,009 inhabitants.
The type of AT device provided was significantly dependent (p < 0.001) on the client's diagnosis, impairment, age, and socio-economic strata, whether the client has a care giver, the geographical zone in which the client lives, the year of the AT provision, and the total number of AT delivered. In contrast, the client's gender (p > 0.05) and the client's affiliated type of healthcare service had no effect. In addition to that, the client's age, the client's socio-economic strata, the number of AT devices provided to the client, and the diagnostic type were the factors with the strongest level of association with the type of AT device provided.
Our research showed that the provision of AT in Bogotá D.C. prioritizes both people who are at the highest levels of vulnerability, and as many people as possible with the budget. That is, the low socio-economic strata, younger and older people, and the provision of at least one AT device.
Provision of AT is intended for equal opportunities for the social participation of people with a disability. Also, people with disabilities have the right to access AT regardless of the type of limitation, gender, race, age or region where they live. Research regarding AT in developing countries is scarce; thus, there is a need to conduct studies in such contexts. This study provides scientific evidence to support the development of models, approaches and strategies of AT provision in low-income countries where resources for rehabilitation are scarce.
研究在一个低收入国家，哪些人口统计学和临床因素与辅助技术（AT）设备的提供相关。
采用回顾性横断面探索性研究设计，纳入了哥伦比亚首都波哥大20个地区中的15个，该市有6,776,009名居民。
所提供的AT设备类型显著取决于（p < 0.001）服务对象的诊断、损伤情况、年龄、社会经济阶层、是否有护理人员、居住的地理区域、提供AT的年份以及所提供AT的总数。相比之下，服务对象的性别（p > 0.05）和所属的医疗保健服务类型没有影响。此外，服务对象的年龄、社会经济阶层、提供给服务对象的AT设备数量以及诊断类型是与所提供的AT设备类型关联最强的因素。
我们的研究表明，在波哥大，AT设备的提供优先考虑最脆弱的人群以及在预算范围内尽可能多的人。也就是说，社会经济阶层较低者、年轻人和老年人以及提供至少一种AT设备。
提供AT旨在为残疾人的社会参与创造平等机会。此外，残疾人有权获得AT，无论其受限类型、性别、种族、年龄或居住地区如何。关于发展中国家AT的研究稀缺；因此，有必要在这种背景下开展研究。本研究提供了科学证据，以支持在康复资源稀缺的低收入国家制定AT提供的模式、方法和策略。
