Nakano Ryo, Ihara Fumio, Mishiro Koji, Toyama Masatoshi, Toda Satoshi
Breeding and Pest Management Division, Institute of Fruit Tree Science, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, 2-1 Fujimoto, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8605, Japan
Breeding and Pest Management Division, Institute of Fruit Tree Science, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, 2-1 Fujimoto, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8605, Japan.
Proc Biol Sci. 2014 Aug 22;281(1789):20140840. doi: 10.1098/rspb.2014.0840.
Males use courtship signals to inform a conspecific female of their presence and/or quality, or, alternatively, to 'cheat' females by imitating the cues of a prey or predator. These signals have the single function of advertising for mating. Here, we show the dual functions of the courtship song in the yellow peach moth, Conogethes punctiferalis, whose males generate a series of short pulses and a subsequent long pulse in a song bout. Repulsive short pulses mimic the echolocation calls of sympatric horseshoe bats and disrupt the approach of male rivals to a female. The attractive long pulse does not mimic bat calls and specifically induces mate acceptance in the female, who raises her wings to facilitate copulation. These results demonstrate that moths can evolve both attractive acoustic signals and repulsive ones from cues that were originally used to identify predators and non-predators, because the bat-like sounds disrupt rivals, and also support a hypothesis of signal evolution via receiver bias in moth acoustic communication that was driven by the initial evolution of hearing to perceive echolocating bat predators.
雄性利用求偶信号向同种雌性表明自己的存在和/或质量，或者通过模仿猎物或捕食者的线索来“欺骗”雌性。这些信号具有单一的交配广告功能。在此，我们展示了黄桃蛀螟（Conogethes punctiferalis）求偶歌声的双重功能，其雄性在一段歌声中会发出一系列短脉冲和随后的一个长脉冲。具有排斥性的短脉冲模仿了同域马蹄蝠的回声定位叫声，干扰了雄性竞争对手接近雌性。具有吸引力的长脉冲不模仿蝙蝠叫声，专门诱导雌性接受交配，雌性会抬起翅膀以利于交配。这些结果表明，蛾子能够从最初用于识别捕食者和非捕食者的线索中进化出既有吸引力又有排斥性的声学信号，因为类似蝙蝠的声音会干扰竞争对手，这也支持了一个关于蛾子声学通讯中信号进化的假说，即这种进化是由最初为感知回声定位蝙蝠捕食者而进化出的听觉所驱动的接收者偏好所导致的。
