Longo Umile Giuseppe, Loppini Mattia, Margiotti Katia, Salvatore Giuseppe, Berton Alessandra, Khan Wasim S, Maffulli Nicola, Denaro Vincenzo
Department of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery, Campus Bio-Medico University, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 200, 00128 Trigoria, Rome, Italy.
Curr Stem Cell Res Ther. 2015;10(1):56-63. doi: 10.2174/1574888x09666140710112535.
In the last decades, new evidences supported the relationship polymorphisms and the susceptibility to develop ligament and tendon injuries. We performed a review of the genetic factors involved in tendon and ligament injuries.
A review of the literature has been performed in a systematic fashion by using the terms "sports", "ligaments", "injuries", "tendon" and "genetics". PubMed, Embase, CINAHL, Cochrane, Medline and Google Scholar databases were screened over the years 1984-2014.
The genes currently associated with tendon and ligament injuries include gene encoding for collagen, tenascin, matrix metallopeptidase, and growth factors.
Tendon and ligament injuries do not have a single genetic cause. Predictive genomics DNA profiling for athletic performance and sport injuries allows to understand what genetic advantages have to be exploited, and which genetic barriers have to be overcome. Although these findings could explain why an individual is able to excel in one sport discipline rather than in a different one, and why an individual develops more injuries than another one, many other factors should be taken into account. Indeed, environment and lifestyle play a critical role in combination with gene profile in determing tendon and ligament injuries.
在过去几十年中，新的证据支持了基因多态性与韧带和肌腱损伤易感性之间的关系。我们对肌腱和韧带损伤所涉及的遗传因素进行了综述。
通过使用“运动”“韧带”“损伤”“肌腱”和“遗传学”等术语，以系统的方式对文献进行了综述。对1984年至2014年期间的PubMed、Embase、CINAHL、Cochrane、Medline和谷歌学术数据库进行了筛选。
目前与肌腱和韧带损伤相关的基因包括编码胶原蛋白、腱生蛋白、基质金属蛋白酶和生长因子的基因。
肌腱和韧带损伤并非由单一遗传原因导致。用于运动表现和运动损伤的预测性基因组DNA分析有助于了解哪些遗传优势需要加以利用，以及哪些遗传障碍需要克服。尽管这些发现可以解释为什么一个人能够在一项运动项目中表现出色而不是在另一项运动项目中，以及为什么一个人比另一个人更容易受伤，但还应考虑许多其他因素。事实上，环境和生活方式在与基因谱共同决定肌腱和韧带损伤方面起着关键作用。
