Huang Q, Piao X S, Ren P, Li D F
Asian-Australas J Anim Sci. 2012 Dec;25(12):1748-58. doi: 10.5713/ajas.2012.12298.
Two experiments were conducted to evaluate the effects of chemical composition of wheat shorts and red dog on energy and amino acid digestibility in growing pigs and to establish prediction models to estimate their digestible (DE) and metabolizable (ME) energy content and as well as their standardized ileal digestible (SID) amino acid content. For Exp. 1, sixteen diets were fed to thirty-two growing pigs according to a completely randomized design during three successive periods. The basal diet was based on corn and soybean meal while the other fifteen diets contained 28.8% wheat shorts (N = 7) or red dog (N = 8), added at the expense of corn and soybean meal. Over the three periods, each diet was fed to six pigs with each diet being fed to two pigs during each period. The apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) of energy in wheat shorts and red dog averaged 75.1 and 87.9%. The DE values of wheat shorts and red dog averaged 13.8 MJ/kg (range 13.1 to 15.0 MJ/kg) and 15.1 MJ/kg (range 13.3 to 16.6 MJ/kg) of dry matter, respectively. For Exp. 2, twelve growing pigs were allotted to two 6×6 Latin Square Designs with six periods. Ten of the diets were formulated based on 60% wheat shorts or red dog and the remaining two diets were nitrogen-free diets based on cornstarch and sucrose. Chromic oxide (0.3%) was used as an indigestible marker in all diets. There were no differences (p>0.05) in SID values for the amino acids in wheat shorts and red dog except for lysine and methionine. Apparent ileal digestibility (AID) and SID values for lysine in different sources of wheat shorts or red dog, which averaged 78.1 and 87.8%, showed more variation than either methionine or tryptophan. A stepwise regression was performed to establish DE, ME and amino acid digestibility prediction models. Data indicated that fiber content and amino acid concentrations were good indicators to predict energy values and amino acid digestibility, respectively. The present study confirms the large variation in the energy content and amino acid digestibility in wheat shorts and red dog, and describes the factors that influence this variation and presents equations based on chemical composition that could probably be used to predict the DE and ME values as well as the amino acid digestibility of wheat shorts and red dog.
进行了两项试验，以评估小麦麸和红狗饲料的化学成分对生长猪能量和氨基酸消化率的影响，并建立预测模型来估计它们的可消化能量（DE）、代谢能（ME）以及标准化回肠可消化（SID）氨基酸含量。在试验1中，按照完全随机设计，在三个连续阶段给32头生长猪饲喂16种日粮。基础日粮以玉米和豆粕为基础，而其他15种日粮含有28.8%的小麦麸（n = 7）或红狗饲料（n = 8），以替代玉米和豆粕。在三个阶段中，每种日粮饲喂6头猪，每个阶段每种日粮饲喂2头猪。小麦麸和红狗饲料中能量的表观全肠道消化率（ATTD）平均分别为75.1%和87.9%。小麦麸和红狗饲料的DE值分别以干物质计平均为13.8 MJ/kg（范围为13.1至15.0 MJ/kg）和15.1 MJ/kg（范围为13.3至16.6 MJ/kg）。在试验2中，将12头生长猪分配到两个6×6拉丁方设计，共六个阶段。其中10种日粮以60%的小麦麸或红狗饲料为基础配制，其余两种日粮是以玉米淀粉和蔗糖为基础的无氮日粮。在所有日粮中使用氧化铬（0.3%）作为不可消化标记物。除赖氨酸和蛋氨酸外，小麦麸和红狗饲料中氨基酸的SID值没有差异（p>0.05）。不同来源的小麦麸或红狗饲料中赖氨酸的表观回肠消化率（AID）和SID值平均分别为78.1%和87.8%，其变化比蛋氨酸或色氨酸更大。进行逐步回归以建立DE、ME和氨基酸消化率预测模型。数据表明，纤维含量和氨基酸浓度分别是预测能量值和氨基酸消化率的良好指标。本研究证实了小麦麸和红狗饲料中能量含量和氨基酸消化率存在很大差异，并描述了影响这种差异的因素，还提出了基于化学成分的方程，这些方程可能可用于预测小麦麸和红狗饲料的DE和ME值以及氨基酸消化率。
