Laboratório de Transmissores de Leishmanioses, Setor de Entomologia Médica e Forense, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.
Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Araraquara, SP, BRAZIL.
Rev Soc Bras Med Trop. 2014 May-Jun;47(3):307-12. doi: 10.1590/0037-8682-0050-2014.
Triatoma carcavalloi is a wild species that is found in sympatry with Triatoma rubrovaria and Triatoma circummaculata, which are vectors of Trypanosoma cruzi currently found in rural areas of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
Fertility was assessed and to determine the incubation period, the eggs were observed until hatching. The first meal was offered to 1st stage nymphs. The intermolt period was also determined. The number of blood meals was quantified at each nymphal stage and the resistance to fasting as the period between ecdysis and death. Mortality was assessed and longevity was determined by recording the time that elapsed from molting to the adult stage and until death. The developmental cycle was assessed by recording the length in days of each stage from molting to adult hood.
The average incubation period was 22.7 days. The average first meal occurred 3.1 days after hatching. The 5th stage nymph to adult intermolting period was the longest at 193.4 days. The average number of feedings during nymphal development was 13.4. The resistance to fasting assay indicated that the 3rd, 4th and 5th stage nymphs presented higher resistance than did adults. The highest mortality rate was observed in the 3rd stage nymphs (22.2%). The average length of adult survival was 25.6 weeks, and the average total life cycle lasted 503.4 days.
This study is the first report on the biology of T. carcavalloi that fed on mice. The presented findings expand the bionomic knowledge of these species.
三带喙库蚊是一种野生物种，与目前在巴西南部里奥格兰德州农村地区发现的克氏锥虫传播媒介红棕色三带喙库蚊和中带三带喙库蚊共存。
评估了三带喙库蚊的繁殖力，并观察卵的孵化期。为 1 龄若虫提供第一餐。还确定了蜕皮间隔期。在每个若虫阶段量化了血液摄入量，并测定了禁食的抗性（蜕皮与死亡之间的时间间隔）。评估死亡率和寿命，记录从蜕皮到成虫阶段的时间以及到死亡的时间。通过记录从蜕皮到成虫阶段的各个阶段的天数来评估发育周期。
平均孵化期为 22.7 天。平均第一餐发生在孵化后 3.1 天。第 5 龄若虫到成虫的蜕皮间隔期最长，为 193.4 天。在若虫发育过程中，平均喂养次数为 13.4 次。禁食试验表明，第 3、4 和 5 龄若虫的抵抗力高于成虫。3 龄若虫的死亡率最高（22.2%）。成虫的平均存活时间为 25.6 周，总生命周期平均为 503.4 天。
本研究首次报道了三带喙库蚊以老鼠为食的生物学特性。提出的发现扩展了这些物种的生态学知识。
