Jäderkvist K, Andersson L S, Johansson A M, Árnason T, Mikko S, Eriksson S, Andersson L, Lindgren G
Department of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, SE-750 07, Uppsala, Sweden.
IHBC AB, Knubbo, SE-744 94 Morgongåva, Sweden.
J Anim Sci. 2014 Oct;92(10):4279-86. doi: 10.2527/jas.2014-7803. Epub 2014 Aug 1.
In a previous study it was shown that a nonsense mutation in the DMRT3 gene alters the pattern of locomotion in horses and that this mutation has a strong positive impact on trotting performance of Standardbreds. One aim of this study was to test if racing performance and trotting technique in the Nordic (Coldblood) trotters are also influenced by the DMRT3 genotype. Another aim was to further investigate the effect of the mutation on performance in Standardbreds, by using a within-family analysis and genotype-phenotype correlations in a larger horse material than in the previous study. We genotyped 427 Nordic trotters and 621 Standardbreds for the DMRT3 nonsense mutation and a SNP in strong linkage disequilibrium with it. In Nordic trotters, we show that horses homozygous for the DMRT3 mutation (A) had significantly higher EBV for trotting performance traits than heterozygous (CA) or homozygous wild-type (CC) horses (P = 0.001). Furthermore, AA homozygotes had a higher proportion of victories and top 3 placings than horses heterozygous or homozygous wild-type, when analyzing performance data for the period 3 to 6 yr of age (P = 0.06 and P = 0.05, respectively). Another finding in the Nordic trotters was that the DMRT3 mutation influenced trotting technique (P = 2.1 × 10(-8)). Standardbred horses homozygous AA had significantly higher EBV for all traits than horses with at least 1 wild-type allele (CA and CC; P = 1.6 × 10(-16)). In a within-family analysis of Standardbreds, we found significant differences in several traits (e.g., earnings, P = 0.002; number of entered races, P = 0.004; and fraction of offspring that entered races, P = 0.002) among paternal half-sibs with genotype AA or CA sired by a CA stallion. For most traits, we found significant differences at young ages. For Nordic trotters, most of the results were significant at 3 yr of age but not for the older ages, and for the Standardbreds most of the results for the ages 3 to 5 were significant. For Nordic trotters, the proportion of victories and placings were the only traits that were significant for other ages than 3 yr.
在之前的一项研究中发现，DMRT3基因中的一个无义突变改变了马的运动模式，并且该突变对标准赛马的快步性能有强烈的积极影响。本研究的一个目的是测试北欧（冷血）快步马的比赛成绩和快步技术是否也受DMRT3基因型的影响。另一个目的是通过在比之前研究更大的马匹样本中进行家系内分析和基因型-表型相关性分析，进一步研究该突变对标准赛马性能的影响。我们对427匹北欧快步马和621匹标准赛马进行了DMRT3无义突变及其处于强连锁不平衡状态的一个单核苷酸多态性（SNP）的基因分型。在北欧快步马中，我们发现，DMRT3突变纯合子（A）马的快步性能性状估计育种值（EBV）显著高于杂合子（CA）或野生型纯合子（CC）马（P = 0.001）。此外，在分析3至6岁期间的性能数据时，AA纯合子马的获胜比例和前三名名次的比例高于杂合子或野生型纯合子马（分别为P = 0.06和P = 0.05）。在北欧快步马中的另一个发现是，DMRT3突变影响快步技术（P = 2.1×10⁻⁸）。AA纯合子的标准赛马所有性状的EBV均显著高于至少有一个野生型等位基因（CA和CC）的马（P = 1.6×10⁻¹⁶）。在标准赛马的家系内分析中，我们发现由CA种公马所生的基因型为AA或CA的父系半同胞在几个性状上存在显著差异（例如，收入，P = 0.002；参赛次数，P = 0.004；参赛后代的比例，P = 0.002）。对于大多数性状，我们在年轻马匹中发现了显著差异。对于北欧快步马，大多数结果在3岁时显著，但在年龄较大时不显著；对于标准赛马，3至5岁的大多数结果显著。对于北欧快步马，获胜和得名次的比例是3岁以外其他年龄唯一显著的性状。
Zotero 插件