Department of Ecology and Genetics, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.
Research Unit of History, Culture and Communications, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.
J Anim Breed Genet. 2021 Mar;138(2):188-203. doi: 10.1111/jbg.12524. Epub 2020 Nov 23.
Selection by breeders modifies the morphology, behaviour and performance of domesticated species. Here, we examined signs of selection in Finnhorse, the only native horse breed in Finland. We first searched divergent genomic regions between Finnhorses and other breeds, as well as between different breeding sections of the Finnhorse with data from Illumina Equine SNP70 BeadChip, and then studied several of the detected regions in more detail. We found altogether 35 common outlier SNPs between Finnhorses and other breeds using two different selection tests. Many of the SNPs were located close to genes affecting coat colour, performance, size, sugar metabolism, immune response and olfaction. We selected genes affecting coat colour (KIT, MITF, PMEL), performance (MSTN) and locomotion (DMRT3) for a more detailed examination. In addition, we looked for, and found, associations with height at withers and SNPs located close to gene LCORL. Among the four breeding sections of Finnhorses (harness trotters, riding horses, draught horses and pony-sized horses), a single SNP located close to the DMRT3 gene was significantly differentiated and only between harness trotters and pony-sized horses.
选育者的选择改变了家养物种的形态、行为和性能。在这里，我们研究了芬兰唯一的本地马品种芬兰马的选择迹象。我们首先使用 Illumina Equine SNP70 BeadChip 的数据，在芬兰马和其他品种之间以及在芬兰马的不同繁殖群体之间搜索了不同的基因组区域，然后更详细地研究了几个检测到的区域。我们使用两种不同的选择测试在芬兰马和其他品种之间总共发现了 35 个常见的异常 SNP。许多 SNP 位于影响毛色、性能、大小、糖代谢、免疫反应和嗅觉的基因附近。我们选择了影响毛色的基因（KIT、MITF、PMEL）、性能（MSTN）和运动（DMRT3）进行更详细的研究。此外，我们还寻找并找到了与肩高和接近基因 LCORL 的 SNP 的关联。在芬兰马的四个繁殖群体（马具小跑马、骑乘马、挽马和小马型马）中，只有马具小跑马和小马型马之间的 DMRT3 基因附近的单个 SNP 存在显著差异。
