Kiyotaki C
Hara Hospital, Osaka.
Gan To Kagaku Ryoho. 1989 Oct;16(10):3386-91.
Macrophages exert important roles in the host defense mechanism, such as antigen presentation and destructions of tumor cells. Analysis of macrophage functions as effector cells in the tumor cell destruction has been carried out mainly from two aspects. One is the macrophage activation, during which macrophages are sequentially activated from resting cells to fully activated cells with capability to destroy tumor cells. The other is analysis of active moieties which mediate macrophage tumoricidal activity. The recombinant cytokines become available, and IFN-gamma has been found to be a major constituent of macrophage activating factor. It has been also reported that TNF, -IL-4, GM-CSF or IL-2 has MAF activity. The precise mechanism of signal transduction of IFN gamma will be defined by the recent progress on IFN gamma receptor purification and gene cloning for IFN gamma receptor as well as on the analysis of IFN gamma-inducible genes. As the mechanism of macrophage-mediated tumoricidal activity, two pathways, TNF-dependent and arginine-dependent ones, have been proposed.
巨噬细胞在宿主防御机制中发挥着重要作用，如抗原呈递和肿瘤细胞破坏。对巨噬细胞作为肿瘤细胞破坏效应细胞的功能分析主要从两个方面进行。一是巨噬细胞激活，在此过程中，巨噬细胞从静息细胞依次激活为具有破坏肿瘤细胞能力的完全激活细胞。另一个是对介导巨噬细胞杀肿瘤活性的活性部分的分析。重组细胞因子已可获得，并且已发现γ干扰素是巨噬细胞激活因子的主要成分。也有报道称肿瘤坏死因子、白细胞介素-4、粒细胞-巨噬细胞集落刺激因子或白细胞介素-2具有巨噬细胞激活因子活性。γ干扰素信号转导的确切机制将通过γ干扰素受体纯化和γ干扰素受体基因克隆以及γ干扰素诱导基因分析的最新进展来确定。作为巨噬细胞介导的杀肿瘤活性机制，已提出了两条途径，即肿瘤坏死因子依赖性途径和精氨酸依赖性途径。
