Just a little bit more: when sports scientists cross the line.

Sports science has attracted controversy for the role it plays in an athlete's career and health, but Australian jurisprudence lacks any discussion of their criminal and civil liability when athletes suffer personal or professional harm. This article explores how liability may attach to both sports doctors and sports scientists in the future based on principles from current case law. It finds that criminal and civil liability attaching to personal harm could be proven, provided that consent to the risks or the treatment has not been given. Establishing professional harm caused by negligent advice regarding whether a substance does not comply with the World Anti-Doping Code is arguable considering the athlete's vulnerability to be exposed to sanctions. Expert evidence regarding what, and how a substance, is taken will be crucial to establishing causation in manslaughter prosecutions.