Biochimie et Physiologie Moléculaire des Plantes, UMR 5004 CNRS/INRA/SupAgro/UM2 Montpellier, France.
Front Plant Sci. 2014 Jul 17;5:337. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2014.00337. eCollection 2014.
Potassium (K(+)) is one of the most abundant elements of soil composition but it's very low availability limits plant growth and productivity of ecosystems. Because this cation participates in many biological processes, its constitutive uptake from soil solution is crucial for the plant cell machinery. Thus, the understanding of strategies responsible of K(+) nutrition is a major issue in plant science. Mycorrhizal associations occurring between roots and hyphae of underground fungi improve hydro-mineral nutrition of the majority of terrestrial plants. The contribution of this mutualistic symbiosis to the enhancement of plant K(+) nutrition is not well understood and poorly studied so far. This mini-review examines the current knowledge about the impact of both arbuscular mycorrhizal and ectomycorrhizal symbioses on the transfer of K(+) from the soil to the plants. A model summarizing plant and fungal transport systems identified and hypothetically involved in K(+) transport is proposed. In addition, some data related to benefits for plants provided by the improvement of K(+) nutrition thanks to mycorrhizal symbioses are presented.
钾（K(+)）是土壤成分中最丰富的元素之一，但由于其可用性极低，限制了植物的生长和生态系统的生产力。由于这种阳离子参与了许多生物过程，因此从土壤溶液中摄取其组成成分对于植物细胞机制至关重要。因此，了解负责 K(+)营养的策略是植物科学中的一个主要问题。根系与地下真菌的菌丝之间发生的菌根共生关系改善了大多数陆生植物的水矿营养。这种互惠共生关系对增强植物 K(+)营养的贡献目前还不太清楚，也没有得到很好的研究。这篇迷你综述审查了关于丛枝菌根和外生菌根共生关系对 K(+)从土壤向植物转移的影响的现有知识。提出了一个总结植物和真菌运输系统的模型，这些系统已经被识别出来，并假设参与了 K(+)的运输。此外，还介绍了一些与由于菌根共生关系改善 K(+)营养而给植物带来的益处相关的数据。
