Alizadeh Zahra, Heidari Parviz, Asghari Hamid Reza
Faculty of Agriculture, Shahrood University of Technology, Shahrood, 3619995161, Iran.
Sci Rep. 2025 May 31;15(1):19169. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-04385-7.
In plants, potassium (K) serves multiple functions, despite being scarce due to strong soil adsorption. This study examined how the presence of arbuscular mycorrhiza fungi (AMF) like Rhizophagus irregularis and Funneliformis mosseae influenced the absorption and transport of K in bean roots through symbiotic interactions. In a symbiotic relationship, AMF had the potential to enhance potassium absorption and storage in various tissues of bean seedlings. Under symbiotic conditions, the concentration of potassium in stem tissues was observed to increase almost four times more than control conditions. The genome of beans was shown to contain a total of nineteen PvAKT genes and two PvHKT genes. Based on phylogeny analysis, PvAKT family members and their corresponding orthologs were categorized into four distinct groups. Subfamily 3 of the PvAKT phylogeny tree exhibited distinct variations from other subfamilies in terms of gene structure, conserved domains, and potential phosphorylation sites. The presence of cis-regulatory element related to ABA responsiveness in the upstream region led to the division of PvAKT and PvHKT genes into two specific groups. Gene expression analysis disclosed that PvAKT and PvHKT genes are induced by AMF and have tissue specific expression. PvAKT6 and PvAKT11 genes and both PvHKT genes showed differential expression in root and shoot tissues, while PvAKT3 gene increased expression in both root and shoot tissues. The results suggest that AMF had a significant impact on increasing the solubility of K and ultimately enhancing the function of K transporters.
在植物中，钾（K）尽管因土壤强烈吸附而稀缺，但仍发挥多种功能。本研究考察了诸如不规则球囊霉和摩西管柄囊霉等丛枝菌根真菌（AMF）的存在如何通过共生相互作用影响菜豆根系中钾的吸收和运输。在共生关系中，AMF有潜力增强菜豆幼苗各组织中钾的吸收和储存。在共生条件下，观察到茎组织中的钾浓度比对照条件下增加了近四倍。研究表明，菜豆基因组总共包含19个PvAKT基因和2个PvHKT基因。基于系统发育分析，PvAKT家族成员及其相应的直系同源基因被分为四个不同的组。PvAKT系统发育树的亚家族3在基因结构、保守结构域和潜在磷酸化位点方面与其他亚家族表现出明显差异。上游区域存在与脱落酸反应相关的顺式调控元件，导致PvAKT和PvHKT基因分为两个特定的组。基因表达分析表明，PvAKT和PvHKT基因受AMF诱导且具有组织特异性表达。PvAKT6和PvAKT11基因以及两个PvHKT基因在根和地上部组织中表现出差异表达，而PvAKT3基因在根和地上部组织中均增加表达。结果表明，AMF对提高钾的溶解度并最终增强钾转运蛋白的功能有显著影响。
