Lamônica Dionísia Aparecida Cusin, Santos Maria Jaquelini Dias dos, Paiva Cora Sofia Takaya, Silva Leandra Tabanez do Nascimento
Dental School of Bauru, Universidade de São Paulo, Bauru, SP, Brazil.
Universidade de São Paulo, Bauru, SP, Brazil.
Codas. 2014 May-Jun;26(3):213-8. doi: 10.1590/2317-1782/201420130030.
To analyze gross motor, fine motor-adaptive, language, social function performance, and communicative behaviors among cochlear-implanted children with spastic cerebral palsy (CP) and children with CP without hearing loss (HL) and to compare them with children with normal development.
Prospective cross-sectional study involving 12 children with mean age of 63 months, distributed into two experimental groups: G1-4 children with CP and cochlear implant (CI) users and G2-4 children with CP without HL. A third group (G3) was the control group with four typically developing children. In the experimental groups, six children were classified in level II and two in level IV, using the Gross Motor Function Classification System. We used the Denver Developmental Screening Test II and the Communicative Behavior Observation (CBO).
G3 showed better performance than G1 and G2 in all evaluations. G2 showed better results than G1 in language, communication, personal-social, and fine motor-adaptive areas, except in the gross motor area. Aspects of language and communicative behaviors were lower in both experimental groups, especially in G1. Skills related to personal-social area showed no differences among the groups.
Motor impairment of G1 and G2 and HL in G1 affected the development in the assessed areas, but these factors did not restrict personal-social development. Children with CP did not achieve high development in social function; however, the difference with relation to G3 was not statically significant. The CI provided a channel for oral language reception and social interaction, which has a key role in determining the quality of life.
分析患有痉挛性脑瘫（CP）的人工耳蜗植入儿童与未患听力损失（HL）的CP儿童的大运动、精细运动-适应性、语言、社会功能表现及交流行为，并将他们与正常发育儿童进行比较。
前瞻性横断面研究，涉及12名平均年龄为63个月的儿童，分为两个实验组：G1组-4名患有CP且使用人工耳蜗（CI）的儿童和G2组-4名未患HL的CP儿童。第三组（G3组）为对照组，有4名发育正常的儿童。在实验组中，使用大运动功能分类系统，6名儿童被归类为二级，2名被归类为四级。我们使用了丹佛发育筛查测验第二版和交流行为观察（CBO）。
在所有评估中，G3组的表现均优于G1组和G2组。除大运动领域外，G2组在语言、交流、个人-社会和精细运动-适应性领域的表现优于G1组。两个实验组的语言和交流行为方面得分较低，尤其是G1组。各小组之间在个人-社会领域相关技能方面未显示出差异。
G1组和G2组的运动障碍以及G1组的HL影响了所评估领域的发育，但这些因素并未限制个人-社会发展。CP儿童在社会功能方面未实现高度发展；然而，与G3组相比的差异在统计学上并不显著。人工耳蜗为口语接收和社会互动提供了一个渠道，这对决定生活质量具有关键作用。
