Rimmer James H, Vanderbom Kerri A, Bandini Linda G, Drum Charles E, Luken Karen, Suarez-Balcazar Yolanda, Graham Ian D
Implement Sci. 2014 Aug 14;9:100. doi: 10.1186/s13012-014-0100-5.
Evidence-based health promotion programs developed and tested in the general population typically exclude people with disabilities. To address this gap, a set of methods and criteria were created to adapt evidence-based health promotion programs for people with disabilities. In this first study, we describe a framework for adapting evidence-based obesity prevention strategies for people with disabilities. We illustrate how the framework has been used to adapt the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's (CDC) obesity prevention strategies for individuals with physical and developmental disabilities.
The development of inclusion guidelines, recommendations and adaptations for obesity prevention (referred to as GRAIDs--Guidelines, Recommendations, Adaptations Including Disability) consists of five components: (i) a scoping review of the published and grey literature; (ii) an expert workgroup composed of nationally recognized leaders in disability and health promotion who review, discuss and modify the scoping review materials and develop the content into draft GRAIDs; (iii) focus groups with individuals with disabilities and their family members (conducted separately) who provide input on the potential applicability of the proposed GRAIDs in real world settings; (iv) a national consensus meeting with 21 expert panel members who review and vote on a final set of GRAIDs; and (v) an independent peer review of GRAIDs by national leaders from key disability organizations and professional groups through an online web portal.
This is an ongoing project, and to date, the process has been used to develop 11 GRAIDs to coincide with 11 of the 24 CDC obesity prevention strategies.
A set of methods and criteria have been developed to allow researchers, practitioners and government agencies to promote inclusive health promotion guidelines, strategies and practices for people with disabilities. Evidence-based programs developed for people without disabilities can now be adapted for people with disabilities using the GRAIDs framework.
在普通人群中开发和测试的循证健康促进项目通常将残疾人排除在外。为了填补这一空白，创建了一套方法和标准，以使循证健康促进项目适用于残疾人。在第一项研究中，我们描述了一个使循证肥胖预防策略适用于残疾人的框架。我们说明了该框架如何用于使美国疾病控制与预防中心（CDC）的肥胖预防策略适用于身体和发育有残疾的个体。
肥胖预防纳入指南、建议和调整（简称为GRAIDs——包括残疾的指南、建议、调整）的制定包括五个部分：（i）对已发表文献和灰色文献进行范围界定审查；（ii）一个由残疾与健康促进领域全国知名领导人组成的专家工作组，他们审查、讨论并修改范围界定审查材料，并将内容编写成GRAIDs草案；（iii）与残疾人士及其家庭成员分别进行焦点小组讨论，他们就拟议的GRAIDs在现实环境中的潜在适用性提供意见；（iv）与21名专家小组成员举行全国共识会议，他们对最终的GRAIDs进行审查和投票；（v）关键残疾组织和专业团体的国家领导人通过在线门户网站对GRAIDs进行独立同行评审。
这是一个正在进行的项目，迄今为止，该流程已用于制定11项GRAIDs，与CDC的24项肥胖预防策略中的11项相匹配。
已制定了一套方法和标准，使研究人员、从业者和政府机构能够推广针对残疾人的包容性健康促进指南、策略和实践。现在可以使用GRAIDs框架将为非残疾人制定的循证项目改编适用于残疾人。
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