Department of Food Physics and Meat Science, Institute of Food Science and Biotechnology, University of Hohenheim, Garbenstrasse 21/25, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany.
Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, USA.
J Colloid Interface Sci. 2014 Nov 1;433:196-203. doi: 10.1016/j.jcis.2014.07.034. Epub 2014 Aug 7.
Nanoemulsions are increasingly being used for encapsulation, protection, and delivery of bioactive lipids, however, their formation from natural emulsifiers is still challenging. We investigated the impact of alcohol on the formation and stability of protein-stabilized oil-in-water nanoemulsions prepared by high-pressure homogenization. The influence of different alcohols (ethanol, 1-propanol, and 1-butanol) at various concentrations (0-25% w/w) on the formation and stability of emulsions stabilized by sodium caseinate, whey protein isolate, and fish gelatin was investigated. The mean particle diameter decreased with increasing alcohol concentrations from 0 to 10%w/w, but extensive droplet aggregation occurred at higher levels. This phenomenon was attributed to enhanced protein-protein interactions between the adsorbed emulsifier molecules in the presence of alcohol leading to droplet flocculation. The smallest droplets (d<100nm) were obtained when 10%w/w 1-butanol was added to sodium caseinate-stabilized nanoemulsions, but relatively small droplets (d<150nm) could also be obtained in the presence of a food-grade alcohol (ethanol). This study demonstrated that alcohol addition might be a useful tool for producing protein-stabilized nanoemulsions suitable for use as delivery systems of lipophilic bioactive agents.
纳米乳剂越来越多地被用于封装、保护和输送生物活性脂质，然而，用天然乳化剂制备纳米乳剂仍然具有挑战性。我们研究了酒精对高压均质法制备的蛋白质稳定的油包水纳米乳形成和稳定性的影响。研究了不同浓度（0-25%w/w）的不同醇（乙醇、1-丙醇和 1-丁醇）对乳清分离蛋白、乳清蛋白浓缩物和鱼明胶稳定的乳液的形成和稳定性的影响。随着酒精浓度从 0 增加到 10%w/w，平均粒径减小，但在更高水平下会发生广泛的液滴聚集。这种现象归因于在酒精存在下吸附乳化剂分子之间的蛋白质-蛋白质相互作用增强，导致液滴絮凝。当向酪蛋白酸钠稳定的纳米乳剂中添加 10%w/w 的 1-丁醇时，可以获得最小的液滴（d<100nm），但在存在食品级醇（乙醇）的情况下也可以获得相对较小的液滴（d<150nm）。本研究表明，添加酒精可能是一种有用的工具，可用于生产适合作为亲脂性生物活性物质输送系统的蛋白质稳定的纳米乳剂。
